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  3. Should we only reward top students? This has been intensely discussed for years. The following are the supporters’ and opponents

Should we only reward top students? This has been intensely discussed for years. The following are the supporters’ and opponents

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问题     Should we only reward top students? This has been intensely discussed for years. The following are the supporters’ and opponents’ opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and then give your view on the issue.
    Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
    Yes:
    It is reasonable to offer prizes to the high-level performers. Because one needs to make greater efforts than others in order to earn higher grades in the exams.
    Top performers normally act as a facilitator to encourage other students to work harder and they can create a competitive learning environment at school.
    Academic study is also a kind of competition and should abide by the rule of fairness, so the best performers should be rewarded.
    No:
    Top performers are very much in the minority in a class. If we only pay attention to those high-level learners and ignore the rest of the students, their enthusiasm for study, to a large degree, might be reduced.
    It is necessary for teachers to give certain awards to those who put considerable efforts into their study. The extrinsic rewards provided for them are a good motivator for them to study further since a sense of accomplishment can boost their confidence and help them achieve greater improvements in their later study.
    Besides top students, those who have made dramatic improvements in their study should also be rewarded because it is a kind of recognition of their efforts and industry.
选项
答案 Should We Only Reward Top Students? Rewarding top students is normally considered as an effective approach to recognizing their achievements and inspiring other students. But some people argue that although top students deserve to be rewarded, it is more important to encourage those who show remarkable improvements since they also have made unremitting efforts in their study. My stand is that prizes should also be awarded to students who make conspicuous progress in their academic study. Firstly, education is based on the belief that it will make people more excellent, and encouraging those who make the most progress will be one of the best ways to fulfill that goal. Moreover, students differ greatly in their talents and living environments. Students from poverty-stricken families may not prevail over the best ones in study, but it doesn’t mean that they can’t succeed in their future careers. Therefore, spiritual or economic encouragement is likely to stimulate them to tackle seemingly impossible tasks. In addition, to reward the most improved students can not only boost their confidence but also raise their competitive consciousness. In sum, only rendering outstanding students awards may dampen others’ enthusiasm, so encouraging both types of students mentioned above can be a feasible way to create an aspiring learning atmosphere.
解析     本题讨论的是是否应该只奖励优等生。在具体行文方面，考生首先要总结材料，简要概述正反双方的观点。然后给出自己的观点：不应该只奖励优等生，还应该奖励那些付出努力并取得学习进步的学生。最后总结全文。
    开头部分第一段开门见山，概述正反方的观点。正方观点：应该奖励优等生，因为这既表扬了他们所取得的成绩，同时也鼓励了其他学生。反方观点：虽然优等生值得奖励，但取得显著进步的学生更应该得到鼓励，因为他们也付出了不懈的努力。
    中间部分第二段通过“My stand is…”阐述自己的观点：不应只奖励优等生，还应鼓励取得学习进步的学生。并用 “Firstly…”“Moreover…”和“In addition…”分别阐述理由：教育的理念是使人变得更加优异，而鼓励进步生就是最好的方法之一；学生的天赋和成长环境迥异，精神上或经济上的鼓励会激励他们完成看似不可能完成的任务；奖励进步生不仅能增强他们的自信心，还能提高他们的竞争意识。
    结尾部分第三段通过“In sum…”总结全文：只奖励优等生会抑制其他学生的学习兴趣，而对优等生和进步生都给予奖励则可以建立一个努力向上的学习氛围。
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