2. 外语
  3. Every group has a culture, however uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic supe

Every group has a culture, however uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic supe

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问题     Every group has a culture, however uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist, there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages.
    People once thought of the languages of back groups as undeveloped. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of "backward" languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex. They differ from Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflect the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this aspect, two things are to be noted. First, all languages seen to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence of by borrowing them from other languages or adapting them to their own system. Second, the objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in "backward" languages, while different from the West, are often surprisingly numerous and complicated. A Western language distinguishes merely between two degrees of remoteness("this" and "that"). But some languages of the American Indians distinguish between what is close to the speaker, or to the person addressed, or removed from both, or out of sight, or in the past, or in the future.
Which of the following statements is implied in the passage?
选项 A、Anthropologists have nothing to do with linguists.
B、Linguists have nothing to do with anthropologists.
C、The study of languages casts light upon the study of cultures.
D、The study of cultures casts no light upon the study of languages.
答案C
解析 根据文章第一段“The potential of computers for increasing the control oforganizations or society over their members and for invading the privacy of those members hascaused considerable concern．”可知，在专业人类学家眼里，没有哪一种文化从本质上比另一种文化具有优越性。正如专业的语言学家，语言之间不存在什么固有的等级。从这句话看出语言与文化的关系，语言与文化的研究是相互作用的、相互影响的。据此推断，答案是C。
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