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  3. At the height of the Dutch golden age, merchants exported their goods and their families to colonies on four continents. Four ce

At the height of the Dutch golden age, merchants exported their goods and their families to colonies on four continents. Four ce

admin2013-08-03  28
问题     At the height of the Dutch golden age, merchants exported their goods and their families to colonies on four continents. Four centuries later their descendants are less impressed by such adventuring. A new law proposed by the Dutch government aims not only to limit dual nationality among immigrants but also to make it easier for the authorities to strip members of the 850,000-plus Dutch diaspora of their nationality, should they secure a second citizenship abroad.
    Guus Bosman, a Dutchman living in Washington, DC, calls the proposal "mean-spirited". Eelco Keij, a Dutch citizen in New York and one of the loudest critics of his government’s proposals, thinks that these days dual nationality is no more than "a harmless side-effect of globalization".
    By seeking to toughen its nationality laws, the Netherlands is bucking a global trend. Other governments have increasingly abandoned such policies. In 2008 the Migration Policy Institute, a think-tank, found that almost half the world’s countries tolerate dual nationality in some form. Armenia, Ghana, the Philippines, Kenya, Uganda and South Korea are all recent reformers. Haiti and Tanzania have new laws in preparation. Even Denmark, which places strict restrictions on citizenship, is mulling a change.
    The idea that it is possible, let alone desirable, to allow multiple citizenship is relatively recent. In 1849 George Bancroft, an American historian and diplomat, said that for a man to have two countries was as intolerable as for him to have two wives. In 1930 the League of Nations proclaimed that "every person should have a nationality and should have one nationality only". A treaty in Europe required countries to limit dual citizenship, until it lapsed in the 1990s. Immigrants have commonly had to renounce their old citizenship when taking on a new one; the countries that they left have often disowned emigrants naturalized abroad. These practices were intended in part to preserve the sacredness of citizenship, but they have also been aimed at closing loopholes that might allow migrants to escape taxes or conscription.
    One reason for more liberalization is practicality: dual nationality has become harder to control. Increased migration and rising numbers of cross-border marriages mean that ever more children are born to multinational families. The number of Dutch citizens holding a second nationality, for instance, almost tripled to 1. 2m between 1995 and 2010, with newborns accounting for a significant share of the growth. Governments could once force women to take only their husband’s nationality, says Maarten Vink of Maastricht University. In an era of sexual equality such policies are untenable.
    Governments that take in many immigrants also see benefits from allowing them to keep their old passports. Research suggests that immigrants who do not fear losing their existing nationality are more likely to pursue naturalization in their adopted countries—and subsequently more likely to integrate than those who maintain long-term residence as aliens.
The general reaction to the new law is
选项 A、ironic.
B、cynical.
C、disapproving.
D、irritated.
答案C
解析 态度题。按照试题顺序浏览第二段。该段举例说明人们对这项新法案的反应，第一句中的mean-spirited意为“小气恶毒”，另一个例证为“Eelco Keij，a Dutch citizen in New York and one of the loudest critics of hisgovernment’s proposals…”，可见人们对该项法案持不认同态度，故[C]为答案。由第二段人们的表述可以看出，他们对该法案持负面看法，但没有任何表示“挖苦”或者“愤愤不平”的语句，也没有表示“恼怒”，排除其他三项。
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