首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Type D personality, first defined in the ’90s, is characterized by feelings of negativity, depression, anxiety, stress, anger, a
Type D personality, first defined in the ’90s, is characterized by feelings of negativity, depression, anxiety, stress, anger, a
admin
2015-08-26
59
问题
Type D personality, first defined in the ’90s, is characterized by feelings of negativity, depression, anxiety, stress, anger, and loneliness. Type D personalities sweat the small stuff and often expect the worst. They have trouble making friends and often have low self-esteem. They are tense, chronically angry, and overreact to stressful situations: they also tend to conceal their feelings from others out of fear of rejection. About 20 percent of healthy Americans are Type D’s, as are up to half of people being treated for heart problems, says study author Johan Denollet, a psychologist at Tilburg University in the Netherlands.
Denollet and his colleagues analyzed 49 previous studies involving more than 6,000 people and found that Type D spells trouble—especially for heart patients, who had a greater risk of dying if they had this personality type, compared to non-D’s. "It really adds weight to the argument that this core, hostile personality is a concern—or ought to be a concern—for people who have it," says Barry Jacobs, a clinical psychologist and American Heart Association spokesman. "If you perceive things in a particularly skewed, negative way, your body will become more reactive over time, and there will be long-term health consequences. " In previous research, Denollet studied nearly 300 heart patients in a cardiac rehabilitation(心脏病康复)program and found that 27 percent of those classified as Type D died within eight years(mostly of heart attacks and strokes), compared to 7 percent of the non-D’s.
The link between Type D personality and poor health outcomes is most likely driven by its high stress levels, Denollet says. Unlike Type A’s who vent, Type D’s—who don’t tend to speak up for themselves or express their emotions—have no outlet for their stress. Stress causes high Cortisol(皮质醇)levels, which, in turn, can elevate blood pressure and lead to chronic, artery-damaging inflammation. Behavior probably plays a role, too, says Denollet, since Type D’s are less likely to exercise, quit smoking, and are rather bad at "complying with treatment programs. "
And because they’re typically tense and insecure in social situations, Type D’s may also shy away from seeking medical care or prefer not to discuss worrisome symptoms with their doctors.
A 14-question scale is used to determine whether folks have Type D. But you can ask yourself the following questions: Do you often feel unhappy? Is your view of the world gloomy? Are you often irritated, or in a bad mood? Do you make a big deal out of unimportant issues? Is it difficult for you to start conversations? Do you tend to keep people at a distance? Answering yes to several may clue you in that you need to make some changes.
What does stress mean to Type D’s?
选项
A、An outlet for their feelings.
B、More exercise and less smoking.
C、A cause of high blood pressure.
D、More discussions with their doctors.
答案
C
解析
推断题。第三段第二、三句提及…Type D’s…have no outlet for their stress.Stress causes highcortisol(皮质醇)levels,which,in turn,can elevate blood pressure…,由此可知stress对于Type D’s意味着elevate blood pressure,[C]的含义与此相符,故为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/wrXK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Theshoemakercanmendwhatever______.
Anewdirection,resultingfromchangingvaluesandlifestyles,istheincreaseinpart-timeorjob-sharedwork.【C1】______nu
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?Intheauthor’sopinion,inordertomakefakefoninglookrealonehasto_____
Oneoftheaimsofteachingscienceis,throughlearning,toenablestudentstodevelopacompletepersonalitybycreativity,ho
Oneoftheaimsofteachingscienceis,throughlearning,toenablestudentstodevelopacompletepersonalitybycreativity,ho
IalmostjumpedoutofmyskinwhenIsawmyboyfriendatthemovietheaterwithanothergirl.Theunderlinedpartmeans______.
You______parkhere.It’sanemergencyexitforthefirebrigade.
SharepricesontheStockExchangeplungedsharplyinthemorningbut______slightlyintheafternoon.
Ithinkhe’sthemostcharming,most_______manI’veeverknown.
随机试题
简述仲裁的特点。
病人因受寒而哮喘发作,呼吸急促,喉中哮鸣,如水鸡声,咳嗽,胸膈满闷,痰少咯吐不爽,形寒怕冷,口不渴,舌苔白滑,脉象浮紧,主方选
某单位98名正常成年女子的血清总胆固醇(mmol/L)频数分布如下:该资料宜绘制成
为成人患者插鼻饲管时,当鼻饲管插入()时应嘱咐患者做吞咽动作,将鼻饲管迅速插入胃内。
陈某自2000年1月起开始在火车站倒卖车票,至次年7月止。2002年4月,公安机关根据举报发现了陈某的违法行为。以下哪一种说法是正确的?()
下列各项不属于证券登记结算公司业务的是( )。
甲公司从证券市场购入股票20000股,每股10元,其中包含已宣告但尚未领取的每股股利0.6元,另支付交易费用1000元。企业将其划分为交易性金融资产核算,则其初始入账价值是()元。
常常被称为国家和民族的“胎记”,是一个民族得以延续的“精神基因”,是培养民族心理、民族个性、民族精神的“摇篮”,是民族凝聚力的重要基础的是()
Women’smindsworkdifferentlyfrommen.Atleast,thatiswhat(1)______mostmenareconvincedof.Psychologistsviewthesubj
Whatistheprojectmainlyconcernedwith?
最新回复
(
0
)