首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there was a
A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there was a
admin
2013-08-05
61
问题
A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there was a link between a company’s success and the personality of its boss. To work out what that personality was, they asked senior managers to score their bosses for such traits as an ability to communicate an exciting vision of the future or to stand as a good model for others to follow. When the data were analyzed, the researchers found no evidence of a connection between how well a firm was doing and what its boss was like. As far as they could tell, a company could not be judged by its chief executive any better than a book could be judged by its cover.
A few years before this, however, a team of psychologists from Tufts University, led by Nalini Ambady, discovered that when people watched two-second-long film-clips of professors lecturing, they were pretty good at determining how able a teacher each professor actually was. At the end of the study, the perceptions generated by those who had watched only the clips were found to match those of students taught by those self-same professors for a full semester.
Now, Dr Ambady and her colleague, Nicholas Rule, have taken things a step further. They have shown that even a still photograph can convey a lot of information about competence— and that it can do so in a way which suggests the assessments of all those senior managers were poppycock.
Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule showed 100 undergraduates the faces of the chief executives of the top 25 and the bottom 25 companies in the Fortune 1,000 list. Half the students were asked how good they thought the person they were looking at would be at leading a company and half were asked to rate five personality traits on the basis of the photograph. These traits were competence, dominance, likeability, facial maturity (in other words, did the individual have an adult-looking face or a baby-face) and trustworthiness.
By a useful (though hardly unexpected) coincidence, all the businessmen were male and all were white, so there were no confounding variables of race or sex. The study even controlled for age, the emotional expression in the photos and the physical attractiveness of the individuals by obtaining separate ratings of these from other students and using statistical techniques to remove their effects.
This may sound like voodoo. Psychologists spent much of the 20th century denigrating the work of 19th-century physiognomists and phrenologists who thought the shapes of faces and skulls carry information about personality. However, recent work has shown that such traits can, indeed, be assessed from photographs of faces with a reasonable accuracy.
And Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule were surprised by just how accurate the students’ observations were. The results of their study, which are about to be published in Psychological Science, show that both the students’ assessments of the leadership potential of the bosses and their ratings for the traits of competence, dominance and facial maturity were significantly related to a company’s profits. Moreover, the researchers discovered that these two connections were independent of each other. When they controlled for the "power" traits, they still found the link between perceived leadership and profit, and when they controlled for leadership they still found the link between profit and power.
These findings suggest that instant judgments by the ignorant (nobody even recognized Warren Buffett) are more accurate than assessments made by well-informed professionals. It looks as if knowing a chief executive disrupts the ability to judge his performance.
Sadly, the characteristics of likeability and trustworthiness appear to have no link to company profits, suggesting that when it comes to business success, being warm and fuzzy does not matter much (though these traits are not harmful). But this result also suggests yet another thing that stock market analysts might care to take into account when preparing their reports: the physiognomy of the chief executive.
The last two paragraphes imply that
选项
A、well-informed people judge a person less accurately than strangers do.
B、people cannot judge a company from the appearance of the boss.
C、a company’s performance depends on the physiogomy of the boss.
D、the physiognomy of the boss is crucial to the stock market report.
答案
A
解析
A项中的strangers与倒数第2段第1句中的the ignorant意思相近,是对该句的同义改写,故正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/x74O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Writeanessayabout400wordsforauniversitylectureronthefollowingtopic:Thecostsofmedicalhealthcareareincrea
Theswingingsinglelifestyleofthestereotypeismostpossibleforurban,educatedprofessionalandtechnicalpeople.Onlythe
AftersomanyyearsofstudyingEnglish,youmaystillgetconfusedlikeyoufirstcomeherejustbecauseoftheslangthestude
Materialculturereferstothetouchable,material"things"--physicalobjectsthatcanbeseen,held,felt,used--thataculture
"Ido."ToAmericansthosetwowordscarrygreatmeaning.Theycanevenchangeyourlife.Especiallyifyousaythematyourown
Inmanyclassroomsaroundthecountry,teachersareemphasizing,andperiodicallytesting,students’readingfluency,thecurrent
TheHundredYears’WarwithFrancewasfought______.
Britishrecordedhistorybeginswiththe______invasion.
TheHundredYears’Warfrom1337to1453happenedbetweenEnglandand
夜是安静的,然而也是生动的。狗儿活跃起来了,它们悄然无声地沿着院子围墙跑着,不时地停下来支支耳朵,细察来自远近的一切动静,履行保卫主人的职责。鼠儿活跃起来了.不放过任何机会往窝里拉拽着大意的人们没有安放好的食物,尽量避免发出任何声响。猫儿也活跃起来了,它们
随机试题
A.气机不畅,脏腑功能失调B.元气耗损,脏腑功能衰退C.气机升降失常,脏腑之气上逆D.气的出入异常,或闭阻,或外散E.气虚无力升举,脏腑位置下垂气陷的病机变化为
方某在A市有一座房产,他住所地在B市C区,经常居住地为B市D区。方某去世后,他的继承人为他在A市的房产继承权发生纠纷,而提出诉讼。该诉讼由何地人民法院管辖?()
以下哪些地基处理方法适用于提高饱和软土地基承载力?
下列关于国际债券的说法中,错误的是()
下列关于财务预算编制方法的表述正确的有( )。
对我国公安机关专政职能的理解正确的是()。
辛亥革命是历史合力的结果
【掌衡派】北京大学2002年中国通史真题;河北师范大学2013年中国史真题;南京大学2015年中国近现代史基础真题;南京大学2016年中国近现代史基础真题
源程序的文档不包括()。
Mr.Blackwasyoungandable.Thebosslikedhim.LastmonthhewassenttoChinaonbusiness.BeforehewentbackfromChina,h
最新回复
(
0
)