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  3. Surveys show that cheating in school—plagiarism, forbidden collaboration on assignments, copying homework and cheating on exams-

Surveys show that cheating in school—plagiarism, forbidden collaboration on assignments, copying homework and cheating on exams-

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问题     Surveys show that cheating in school—plagiarism, forbidden collaboration on assignments, copying homework and cheating on exams- has soared since researchers first measured the phenomenon on a broad scale at 99 colleges in the mid-1960s.
    The percentage of students who copied from another student during tests grew from 26 percent in 1963 to 52 percent in 1993, and the use of crib notes during exams went from 6 percent to 27 percent, according to a study conducted by Dr. Donald McCabe of Rutgers. By the mid-1990s, only a small minority said they had never cheated, meaning that cheating had become part of the acceptable status quo.
    Dr. McCabe’s later national survey of 25,000 high school students from 2001 to 2008 yielded equally depressing results: more than 90 percent said they had cheated in one way or another.
    Dr. Jason Stephens of the University of Connecticut has now embarked on a three year pilot program to reduce cheating. His premise is that honesty and integrity are not only values but also habits — habits that can be encouraged in school settings, with positive benefits later in life.
    The program seeks to enlist students and teachers in six high schools in promoting a culture of honesty. Schools will be asked to consider honor codes, and, since peer pressure is vitally important, students will be invited to help shape policies and strategies to discourage cheating. Two schools are suburban and wealthy, two are middle class, two are urban and poor. One school from each pair will work to end the cheating epidemic, and the other will serve as the control group.
    The challenge is daunting. Students of both genders and every demographic group cheat even though they know it is wrong, a mind-set Dr. Stephens describes as "a corrosive force" — especially when it is acquired in the early years of moral development.
    The fact that so many students cheat doesn’t make them intrinsically bad, he says: "It’s not a case of the bad seed. It’s more like bad soil. "
    But there’s hope. The 1993 study suggested that cheating dropped in schools that encouraged a culture of integrity—either by formally instituting an honor code or by stressing at every turn the importance of honesty and integrity.
    A follow-up study showed that dishonest business behavior was lowest among employees who had attended schools with an honor code and whose workplaces encouraged ethical behavior.
    If the effort shows results, Dr. Stephens plans to enlist more schools in the hope that eventually a standardized program will be adopted throughout the state. If that happens, both students and society as a whole will profit.
Dr. Stephens is optimistic about the prospect of his program since ______.
选项 A、both schools and workplaces try to encourage ethical behavior
B、a modified program will sooner or later be adopted everywhere
C、the effort to discourage cheating has shown some positive effects
D、all the schools emphasize the importance of honesty and integrity
答案C
解析 根据第八段中的“But there’s hope．…cheating dropped in schools that encouraged a cultureof integrity…”，第九段中的“…dishonest business behavior was lowest among employees…”，以及最后一段中的“If the effort shows results，Dr．Stephens…state．If that happens，both students andsociety…will profit”，C应为答案。
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