首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Human Migration Human migration: the term is vague. What people usually think of is the permanent movement of people from one ho
Human Migration Human migration: the term is vague. What people usually think of is the permanent movement of people from one ho
admin
2013-08-12
69
问题
Human Migration
Human migration: the term is vague. What people usually think of is the permanent movement of people from one home to another. More broadly, though, migration means all the ways — from the seasonal drift of agricultural workers within a country to the relocation of refugees from one country to another.
Migration is big, dangerous, and compelling. It is 60 million Europeans leaving home from the 16th to the 20th century. It is some 15 million Hindus, Sikhs, and Muslims swept up in a
tumultuous
shuffle of citizens between India and Pakistan after the partition of the subcontinent in 1947.
Migration is the dynamic undertow of population change: everyone’s solution, everyone’s conflict. As the century turns, migration, with its inevitable economic and political
turmoil
, has been called "one of the greatest challenges of the coming century".
But it is much more than that. It is, as has always been, the great adventure of human life. Migration helped create humans, drove us to conquer the planet, shaped our societies, and promises to reshape
them
again.
"You have a history book written in your genes," said Spencer Wells. The book he’s trying to read goes back to long before even the first word was written, and it is a story of migration.
Wells, a blond geneticist at Stanford University, spent the summer of 1998 exploring remote parts of Transcaucasia and Central Asia with three colleagues in a Land Rover, looking for drops of blood. In the blood, donated by the people he met, he will search for the story that genetic markers can tell of the long paths human life has taken across the Earth.
(A)
But however the paths are traced, the basic story is simple: people have been moving since they were people.(B)
If early humans hadn’t moved and
intermingled
as much as they did, they probably would have continued to evolve into different species.(C)
From beginnings in Africa, most researchers agree, groups of hunter-gatherers spread out, driven to the ends of the Earth.(D)
To demographer Kingsley Davis, two things made migration happen. First, human beings, with their tools and language, could adapt to different conditions without having to wait for evolution to make them suitable for a new niche. Second, as populations grew, cultures began to differ, and inequalities developed between groups, The first factor gave us the keys to the door of any room on the planet; the other gave us reasons to use them.
Over the centuries, as agriculture spread across the planet, people moved toward places where metal was found and worked to centers of commerce that then became cities. Those places were, in turn, invaded and overrun by people in later generations called
barbarians
.
In between, these storm surges were steadier but similarly profound tides in which people moved out to colonize or were captured and brought in as slaves. For a while the population of Athens, that city of legendary enlightenment was as much as 35 percent slaves.
"What strikes me is how important migration is as a cause and effect in great world events. " Mark Miller, co-author of The Age of Migration and a professor of political science at the University of Delaware, told me recently.
It is difficult to think of any great events that did not involve migration. Religions
spawned
pilgrims or settlers; wars drove refugees before them and made new land available for the conquerors)political upheavals displaced thousands or millions; economic innovations drew workers and entrepreneurs like magnets; environmental disasters like famine or disease pushed their bedraggled survivors anywhere they could replant hope.
"It’s part of our nature, this movement," Miller said, "It’s just a fact of the human condition. "
The word
tumultuous
in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to______.
选项
A、large-scale
B、disorderly
C、exciting
D、deliberate
答案
B
解析
本题为词汇题,主要考查考生根据上下文对单词tumultuous的理解。该词所在句子“It is some 15 million Hindus,Sikhs,and Muslims swept up in a tumultuous shuffle of citizensbetween India and Pakistan…”的意思是在印度和巴基斯坦居民之间的tumultuous的穿梭。根据上下文可以判断出tumultuous的意思是“混乱的,无序的”,与选项B(无序的)同义,因此选B。选项A(大规模的)、C(激动的)和D(深思熟虑的)为干扰项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/xEfO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSORANUMBERforeachanswer.FullParticularsofClaimGoods:(7)-(’Malla
Labelplanbelow.ChooseyouranswersfromtheboxbelowandwritethelettersA-Hnexttoquestions17-20.A.AvocadoP
Whenisthedeadlineforhandingindissertations?WhatwillthestudentsprobablyspendthesecondhalfofAprildoing?
Thespeakersaysstudentscanvisither______
STUDENTBANKINGNote:Maynotbeallowedallfacilitiesgiventoresidentstudents.FundingMustprovide【T14】______.Icans
STUDENTBANKINGNote:Maynotbeallowedallfacilitiesgiventoresidentstudents.FundingMustprovide【T14】______.Icans
CompletetheregistrationformusingNOMORETHANTHREEWORDS.Nameofstudent:【T6】______Address:【T7】Flat5/______.Town:【T8】
WhichTWOofthefollowingcanyougetadviceaboutfromtheUnion?(A)immigration(B)grants(C)medicalproblems(D)personalpro
ChooseTWOlettersA-F.Accordingtothespeaker,whatareTWOadvantagesofreducingclasssizes?Amoreemploymentforteacher
Mostimportantindicatorsofsuccess(%)Happyfamilylife82%Goodhealthand【L5】________79%Jobsatisfaction73%【L6】________(
随机试题
徽商和晋商在历史上非常有名,他们贸易的方式属于【】
以下哪种语言是由基本字符、指令助记符、标号及一些规则构成的?
蔓荆子的功效为
()适用于跨国母子公司之间的税收抵免。
企业所得税的纳税人对外投资而借入的资金发生的借款费用,可以计入纳税人的经营性费用在税前扣除。()
“蓝洞”是指在海岸或珊瑚礁礁盘的浅水区域被海水覆盖的水下洞穴。我国三沙市永乐环礁中的蓝洞“永乐龙洞”(16°3l'30"N,如下图)深达300.89米,是全球已发现的最深蓝洞。地学家们一般认为“永乐龙洞”应为在第四纪冰期海平面最低时期以前由陆地水溶蚀形成
教师资格应具备哪些条件?你对教师聘任制度是怎样理解的?
创建或修改完数据库中的表后,有时还需要用户将各个不同表中的信息联系在一起,因此,Access引入了______这个概念。
Thoughtheseplotsagainstourorganizationaremalignantgrowths,wehavenorightto______thembymethodsasunkindtorandom
HowtoSaveMoney1.Spendmoneyon【T1】______first【T1】______■Yourfirst【T2】______:food,water,housing
最新回复
(
0
)