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  3. Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The

Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The

admin2011-03-11  15
问题     Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that【1】a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who【2】recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no【3】or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain【4】while completing a task that could【5】either reward or punishment.
【6】with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had【7】neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward.【8】, the high-risk girls showed no【9】in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in【10】past experiences to assist learning.
    The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area【11】receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time【12】information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.
    "Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed【13】reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically【14】in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression,【15】they have not yet experienced a depressive【16】," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. "【17】, longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations【18】in this study during the processing of【19】and losses are associated with the【20】onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
选项 A、criticisms
B、punishments
C、rewards
D、allowances
答案C
解析 本题考查的是处理______和失败的信息过程。本段从第一句开始就在讨论reward-processing system，空格后面是and，因此该词应与其后的losses相对，故此处应填入[C] rewards。and后面是losses，所以and前的词应避免词义与losses重复，故排除[A] criticisms和[B] punishments；[D] allowances与原文意思不符，故也排除。  
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