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  3. Scientific advances sometimes come as lightning flashes of inspiration. But when scientists sit down to record and take credit o

Scientific advances sometimes come as lightning flashes of inspiration. But when scientists sit down to record and take credit o

admin2022-04-20  78
问题     Scientific advances sometimes come as lightning flashes of inspiration. But when scientists sit down to record and take credit of what they’ve found, they still use much the same method they have for decades—an article published in a scholarly journal.
    But science’s old-fashioned traditions are changing. The Internet has opened up new forms of publishing in which anyone in the world can find and read a scientific paper. And papers themselves are becoming more interactive, leading readers to the underlying data, videos, and discussions that augment their value. With blogs and e-books providing easy means of self-publishing, some observers are speculating that scholarly journals and their controversial system of peer reviews may not be needed at all.
    "The traditional journal publishing medium we’ve grown accustomed to really needs to evolve and change because that’s not the way people are accessing information," says Mark Gerstein, a professor of biomedical informatics at Yale University in New Haven, Conn. Dr. Gerstein cowrote an article, "The Death of the Scientific Paper," which appeared last year on The-Scientist. com, an online science magazine.
    If the hopes of innovators bear fruit, scientific advances will come ever more quickly as online publishing makes past research easier to access and share widely. One new scientific publication, available only online, may signal what’s ahead. The PLoS ONE (plosone. org), a journal begun by the Public Library of Science (PLoS) last month, aims to put as many new scientific articles as possible on the Internet to be read by anyone, free of charge.
    At PLoS ONE, which aspires to be a general science journal along the lines of Science and Nature, the papers themselves are only a starting point. Readers can annotate, comment on, and criticize the findings: Their contributions become permanently attached to the original article. At least one commentator has likened this process to a kind of "electronic Talmud" in which the original document receives elaborate commentary and discussion that over time adds greatly to its value.
    In coming months, says Chris Surridge, the managing editor of PLoS ONE, readers also will be able to rate papers on their quality, such as how surprising or groundbreaking the results were— much in the way Netflix subscribers rate movies they rent using one-to five-star ratings. In this sense, PLoS ONE is moving toward a Web 2. 0 model, which focuses on user-generated content strategies already used by websites such as Digg. com, Slashdot. org, or Amazon. com.
Which of the following statement is true of the PLoS ONE?
选项 A、Some scientific articles have been rated by readers as the top quality.
B、Readers can read the original journal but can’t make any personal comments.
C、PLoS ONE has become the most prestigious general science journal.
D、Readers’ comments and criticisms are valuable to the original scientific articles.
答案D
解析 本题是推断题。文章第五段末句提到in which the original document receives elaborate commentary and discussion that over time adds greatly to its value(原始文件得到了详尽的评论和讨论，随着时间的推移，它的价值大大增加)，故答案选D。末段提到In coming months readers also will be able to rate papers on their quality(在接下来的几个月中，读者也能够对其质量进行评估)，说明现在还不能做到，故排除A项；第五段第二句提到读者可以对研究成果进行评论、批评，可知B项与原文内容相矛盾，故排除；第五段首句说PLoS ONE网站致力于成为综合性科学期刊，但并没有说它已经是最著名的期刊，故排除C项。
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