2. 外语
  3. [A]ample [B]combinations [C]directly [D]disseminated [E]generations [F]genuinely [G]instead [H]list

[A]ample [B]combinations [C]directly [D]disseminated [E]generations [F]genuinely [G]instead [H]list

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问题 [A]ample       [B]combinations    [C]directly       [D]disseminated    [E]generations
[F]genuinely    [G]instead         [H]lists          [I]promulgated     [J]publicized
[K]scant       [L]shaped         [M]sophisticated    [N]transplanted    [O]virtual
    Imagine a world without writing. Obviously there would be no books: no novels, no encyclopedias, no cookbooks, no textbooks, no telephone books, no scriptures, no diaries, no travel guides. There would be no ball-points, no typewriters, no computers, no Internet, no magazines, no movie credits, no shopping lists, no newspapers, no tax returns. But such【C1】______ of objects almost miss the point. The world we live in has been indelibly marked by the written word, 【C2】______ by the technology of writing over thousands of years. Ancient kings proclaimed their authority and【C3】______ their laws in writing. Scribes administered great empires by writing, their knowledge of recording and retrieving information essential to governing complex societies. Religious traditions were passed on through【C4】______ , and spread to others, in writing. Scientific and technological progress was achieved and【C5】______  through writing. Accounts in trade and commerce could be kept because of writing. Nearly every step of civilization has been mediated through writing. A world without writing would bear【C6】______ resemblance to the one we now live in. Writing is a【C7】______ necessity to the societies anthropologists call civilizations. A civilization is distinguished from other societies by the complexity of its social organization, by its construction of cities and large public buildings, and by the economic specialization of its members, many of whom are not【C8】______ involved in food procurement or production. A civilization, with its taxation and tribute systems, its trade and its public works, requires a【C9】______ system of record keeping. And so the early civilizations of Egypt, China, and(probably)India all developed a system of writing. Only the Peruvian civilization of the Incas and their predecessors did not use writing but【C10】______ invented a system of keeping records on knotted color-coded strings known as quipu.
【C2】
选项
答案L
解析 分析句子结构可知，逗号之前是完整的被动句，所以逗号之后的成分应是状语或定语，结合空格后的by the technology of writing over thousands of years可以判断，此处应填入动词的过去分词，作后置定语，修饰the written word。备选动词中的shaped“形成；塑造”符合题意，故[L]为答案。
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