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  3. Whatever their strategies, students did not always get what they wanted immediately and they sometimes had to put up with consid

Whatever their strategies, students did not always get what they wanted immediately and they sometimes had to put up with consid

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问题     Whatever their strategies, students did not always get what they wanted immediately and they sometimes had to put up with considerable inconvenience before they reached their objectives. Hence, they needed to find ways to deal with the resulting frustration. 【R1】______.
    A few freshmen tried to reduce their frustration with the campus bureaucracy by simple avoidance. One explained, " I haven’ t dropped or added a class just because I didn’ t want to have to go through the trap. It just seemed like too much of an ordeal. " For most, however, avoidance was not feasible. 【R2】______.
    One approach was to create psychological distance. Students sometimes responded to staff impersonally by viewing staff just as impersonally as the staff viewed them. If staff members were affectively distant, our interviewees would transform them into just another part of the bureaucratic apparatus, expressing only partly cohered resentment by referring to them as "Miss Whatever" or "the poor little lady". Or as another put it, "A receptionist is a receptionist. "【R3】______.
    Another set of strategies for reducing frustration centered around waiting in line. Both observation and interview data indicate that students in lines spent much time talking to one another, allowing them to build social networks and pass the time. Indeed, 5 of our 20 interviewees actually recruited friends to go with them to a campus office. As one said, "It would have been a lot worse if I hadn’ t had someone to wait with me. " Others were accompanied by parents for the same reason. 【R4】______. Others passed the time and reduced their anxiety by tracking their progress; "I just watched the line in front of me and noticed how much time each person was taking and tried to evaluate how much longer until I would be seen.
    Because freshmen were unwilling to vent their frustration to staff, they turned elsewhere to express their feelings. 【R5】______. When staff members were near, these complaints were suppressed or muted in the interest of avoiding friction with staff. Friends, roommates and parents could also provide a sympathetic ear for students needing to blow off steam.
A. The ends of lines, for example, provided "back regions" where students could "come out of character" and voice their complaints to other students.
B. Bureaucracy is the dominant organizational form in our society and freshmen must define a new situation and adapt to bureaucratic constrains.
C. By reducing or managing, these safety valve strategies made it easier for students to maintain smooth relations with the campus bureaucracy.
D. They had to find other ways to reduce or manage frustration.
E. By creating interpersonal distance, students could avoid damage to their self-esteem by deciding that staff opinions of them did not matter and justify expressing resentment toward staff.
F. By waiting in line, sometimes students can reduce their frustration because they can get acquainted with someone else and make more friends.
G. Some freshmen reported using waiting time to conduct "symbolic rehearsals" of upcoming interaction with staff.
【R2】
选项
答案D
解析 结合上句，“然而，躲避是不可行的”，所以，他们不得不寻求一些其他的方式来减少和控制沮丧情绪，所以D项正确。
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