2. 外语
  3. Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, "The business of America is business." By this he meant th

Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, "The business of America is business." By this he meant th

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问题     Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, "The business of America is business." By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.
    Few would argue with Ford’s statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as "the entertainment industry" or "show business".
    The positive side of Henry Ford’s statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life.
    The negative side of Henry Ford’s statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business--referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the fight to form unions. Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing--the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high--creates feelings of insecurity (不安全) for many.
A company’s efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in______.
选项 A、reduction in the number of employees
B、improvement of working conditions
C、fewer disputes between labor and management
D、a rise in workers’ wages
答案A
解析 该题对应文章最后一句：“Downsizing-the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high-creates feelings of insecurity for many．”(裁员，也就是为了保证低成本高利润而解雇大量工人，使许多人没有安全感)。A项里的“reduction”和原文中的“downsizing”和“layoff”都是“减员，裁员”的意思。因此，正确答案是A项。
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大学英语四级

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