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  3. In order to understand, however imperfectly, what is meant by "face", we must take【1】of the fact that, as a race, the Chinese ha

In order to understand, however imperfectly, what is meant by "face", we must take【1】of the fact that, as a race, the Chinese ha

admin2011-03-11  97
问题     In order to understand, however imperfectly, what is meant by "face", we must take【1】of the fact that, as a race, the Chinese have a strongly【2】instinct. The theatre may almost be said to be the only national amusement, and the Chinese have for theatricals a【3】like that of the Englishman【4】athletics, or the Spaniard for bull-fights. Upon very slight provocation, any Chinese regards himself in the【5】of an actor in a drama. He throws himself into theatrical attitudes, performs the salaam, falls upon his knees, prostrates himself and strikes his head upon the earth,【6】circumstances which to an Occidental seem to make such actions superfluous,【7】to say ridiculous. A Chinese thinks in theatrical terms. When roused in self-defense he addresses two or three persons as if they were a multitude. He exclaims: "I say this in the presence of You, and You, and You, who are all here present. " If his troubles are adjusted he【8】of himself as having "got off the stage" with credit, and if they are not adjusted he finds no way to "retire from the stage". All this,【9】it clearly understood, has nothing to do with realities. The question is never of facts, but always of【10】. If a fine speech has been【11】at the proper time and in the proper way, the requirement of the play is met. We are not to go behind the scenes, for that would【12】all the plays in the world. Properly to execute acts like these in all the complex relations of life, is to have "face". To fail them, to ignore them, to be thwarted in the performance of them, this is to "【13】face". Once rightly apprehended, "face" will be found to be in itself a【14】to the combination lock of many of the most important characteristics of the Chinese.  
    It should be added that the principles which regulate "face" and its attainment are often wholly【15】the intellectual apprehension of the Occidental, who is constantly forgetting the theatrical element, and wandering【16】into the irrelevant regions of fact. To him it often seems that Chinese "face" is not unlike the South Sea Island taboo, a force of undeniable potency, but capricious, and not reducible to rule, deserving only to be abolished and replaced by common sense. At this point Chinese and Occidentals must agree to【17】, for they can never be brought to view the same things in the same light. In the adjustment of the incessant quarrels which distract every hamlet, it is necessary for the "peace-talkers" to take a careful account of the【18】of "face" as European statesmen once did of the balance of power. The object in such cases is not the execution of even-handed justice, which, even if theoretically desirable, seldom【19】to an Oriental as a possibility, but such an arrangement as will distribute to all concerned "face" in due proportions. The same principle often applies in the settlement of lawsuits, a very large percentage of which end in what may be called a【20】game.
选项 A、within
B、following
C、beyond
D、included
答案C
解析 这里可以联系到前面所说“摆出戏剧性的姿态，作揖下跪，伏拜叩头，对于西方人来说，这些举动多余不在话下，更别说是荒唐可笑”。那么本句中所言面子及保全面子的原则，可以说西方人也应该是难以理解的，再加上后面的“忘记这种戏剧化因素，而错入毫不相干的事实领域”，可以确定是难以理解，也即beyond the intellectual apprehension。within为在其理解范围之内，不符合句意，following逻辑不对，included也可解释为在理解范围之内，故也不符合句意。   
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