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  3. The war on smoking, now five decades old and counting, is one of the nation’s greatest public health success stories—but not for

The war on smoking, now five decades old and counting, is one of the nation’s greatest public health success stories—but not for

admin2015-05-11  56
问题     The war on smoking, now five decades old and counting, is one of the nation’s greatest public health success stories—but not for everyone.
    As a whole, the country has made amazing progress. In 1964, four in ten adults in the US smoked: today fewer than two in ten do. But some states—Kentucky, South Dakota and Alabama, to name just a few—seem to have missed the message that smoking is deadly.     Their failure is the greatest disappointment in an effort to save lives that was started on Jan. 11,1964, by the first Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health. Its finding that smoking is a cause of lung cancer and other diseases was major news then. The hazards of smoking were just starting to emerge.
    The report led to cigarette warning labels, a ban on TV ads and eventually an anti-smoking movement that shifted the nation’s attitude on smoking. Then, smokers were cool. Today, many are outcasts, rejected by restaurants, bars, public buildings and even their own workplaces. Millions of lives have been saved.
    The formula for success is no longer guesswork: Adopt tough warning labels, air public service ads, fund smoking cessation programs and impose smoke-free laws. But the surest way to prevent smoking, particularly among price-sensitive teens, is to raise taxes. If you can stop them from smoking, you’ve won the war. Few people start smoking after turning 19.
    The real-life evidence of taxing power is powerful. The 10 states with the lowest adult smoking rates slap an average tax of $ 2.42 on every pack—three times the average tax in the states with the highest smoking rates.
    New York has the highest cigarette tax in the country, at $ 4.35 per pack, and just 12 percent of teens smoke— far below the national average of 18 percent. Compare that with Kentucky, where taxes are low(60 cents), smoking restrictions are weak and the teen smoking rate is double New York’s. Other low-tax states have similarly dismal records.
    Enemies of high tobacco taxes cling to the tired argument that they fall disproportionately on the poor. True, but so do the deadly effects of smoking—far worse than a tax. The effect of the taxes is amplified further when the revenue is used to fund initiatives that help smokers quit or persuade teens not to start.
    Anti-smoking forces have plenty to celebrate this week, having helped avoid 8 million premature deaths in the past 50 years. But as long as 3 ,000 adolescents and teens take their first puff each day, the war is not won.
What is the passage mainly about?
选项 A、How to stage anti-smoking campaigns.
B、The effects of the report on smoking and health.
C、Tax as the surest path to cut smoking.
D、The efforts to cut down on teenage smoking.
答案D
解析 主旨题。本文开篇总述美国反烟战的历史，以及反烟战的成效和不足。接着作者集中探讨针对青少年的反烟运动的最有效武器——税收，以及在青少年身上取得的效果。据此可判断，本文的主题是为减少青少年吸烟而付诸的努力，故[D]为答案。
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