首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A long-held view of the history of the English colonies that became the United States has been that England’ s policy toward the
A long-held view of the history of the English colonies that became the United States has been that England’ s policy toward the
admin
2009-02-10
73
问题
A long-held view of the history of the English colonies that became the United States has been that England’ s policy toward these colonies before 1763 was dictated by commercial interests and that a change to a more imperial policy, dominated by expansionist militarist objectives, generated the tensions that ultimately led to the American Revolution. In a recent study, Stephen Saunders Webb has presented a formidable challenge to this view. According to Webb. England already had a military imperial policy for mote than a century before the American Revolution. He sees Charles II, the English monarch between 1660 and 1685 as’ the proper successor of the Tudor monarchs of the sixteenth century and of Oliver Cromwell, all of whom were bent on extending centralized executive power over England’ s possessions through the use of what Webb calls "Garrison government." Garrison government allowed the colonists a legislative assembly, but real authority, in Webb’ s view, belonged to the colonial governor, who was appointed by the king and supported by the "garrison," that is, by the local contingent of English troops under the colonial governor’ s command.
According to Webb, the purpose of garrison government was to provide military support for a royal policy designed to limit the power of the upper classes in the American colonies. Webb argues that the colonial legislative assemblies represented the interests not of the common people but of the colonial upper classes, a coalition of merchants and nobility who favored self-rule and sought to elevate legislative authority at the expense of the executive. It was, according to Webb, the colonial governors who favored the small farmer, opposed the plantation system and tried through taxation to break up large holdings of land. Backed by the military presence of the garrison, these governors tried to prevent the gentry and merchants allied in the colonial assemblies from transforming colonial America into a capitalistic oligarchy.
Webb’s study illuminates the political alignments that existed in the colonies in the century prior to the American Revolution, but his view of the crowns use of the military as an instrument of colonial policy is not entirely convincing. England during the seventeenth century was not noted for its military achievements. Cromwell did mount England’s most ambitious overseas military expedition in more than a century, but it proved to be an utter failure. Under Charles Ⅱ, the English army was too small to be a major instrument of government. Not until the war with France in 1597 did William Ⅲ persuade Parliament to create a professional standing army, and Parliament’ s price for doing so was to keep the army under tight legislative control. While it may be true that the crown attempted to curtail the power of the colonial upper classes, it is hard to imagine how the English army during the seventeenth century could have provided significant military support for such a policy.
It can be inferred froth the passage that Webb would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements regarding Garrison government?
选项
A、Garrison government became a less viable colonial policy as the English Parliament began to exert tighter legislative control over the English military arms.
B、Oliver Cromwell was the first English ruler to make use of Garrison government on a large scale.
C、Garrison government gave legislative assemblies in the colonies relatively little authority, compared to the authority that it gave the colonial governors.
D、Garrison government proved relatively ineffective until it was used by Charles II to curb the power of colonial legislatures.
答案
C
解析
根据文章第一段中的“Garrison government allowed the colonists a legislative assembly, but real authority, in Webb’s vrew,belonged to the colonial governor, who was appointed by the king and supported by the“garrison,”that is,by the local contingent of English troop
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/yP6K777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
PhysicalEducationI.BriefintroductionofthecoursesA.PhysicalFitnessInstructors—six-monthcertificateB.SportsAdmini
EthicsinCompaniesI.TheimportanceofethicsA.【T1】______enablescompaniestoexploitthe【T1】______economicadvantages,w
EthicsinCompaniesI.TheimportanceofethicsA.【T1】______enablescompaniestoexploitthe【T1】______economicadvantages,w
Beyonddemographics,theUnitedStatesconfrontswitharangeofother【M1】______challenges.Globalizationisonthetopoftha
Time,asweknowit,isaveryrecentinvention.Themoderntime-senseishardlyolderthantheUnitedStates.Itisaby-produ
Since,wearetold,80to90percentofallinstructioninthetypicaluniversityisbythelecturemethod,weshouldgiveclos
ButthetrompcardistheAndesmountainrange.Thereareanumberofexcellentskiresortswithinonehour’sdriveofthecapi
Recentyearshaveseenanincreasingnumberofchildrenbecomingthevictimsofabuse.Fortunately,educationonsexsafetyisn
PassageTwo(1)Scientist,engineer,musicianandgreatartist,LeonardodaVinciisthearchetypalRenaissanceman.Thisu
HowlonghastheIndonesianforestbeenonfire?
随机试题
阅读《论语.季氏将伐颛臾》中的一段文字,然后回答下面小题。冉有曰:“夫子欲之,吾二臣者皆不欲也。”孔子曰:“求!周任有言曰:‘陈力就列,不能者止。’危而不持,颠而不扶,则将焉用彼相矣?且尔言过矣,虎兕出于柙,龟玉毁于椟中,是谁之过与?”“虎兕出
鉴别肝细胞性黄疸与梗阻性黄疸时,下列检查哪一项是错误的
A.局部胖肿,皮肤有细小红丝或青筋暴露。触之骨骼增粗B.肿势漫无边际,扪之绵软,或有捻发感C.疮顶忽然陷黑无脓,肿势迅速扩散D.初起结核如豆,不痛不红,增大缓慢,融合成串E.初起漫肿,皮色如常,此愈彼起,反复不愈
肺炎球菌肺炎患者若对青霉素过敏,宜选用的有效抗菌药物是
不对称工字钢截面梁的截面形状如图示,该梁在对中性轴z的弯矩作用下。图示1~5点中,纵向应力绝对值最大的是哪一点?
某东北管道加压泵站扩建,新增两台离心式增压泵。两台增压泵安装属该扩建工程的机械设备安装分部工程。泵安装前,班组领取了安装垫铁,未仔细检查,将其用于泵的安装。隐蔽前专检人员发现,有三组垫铁的规格和精度不符合要求,责成施工班组将此三组垫铁换为合格垫铁。在设备配
选用卷扬机的主要参数有()。
避免非法集资的有效方式包括()。Ⅰ.坚守私募原则Ⅱ.向合格投资者募集资金Ⅲ.杜绝保底保收益Ⅳ.勤勉尽责、诚信披露
某铁矿山2004年12月份销售铁矿石原矿6万吨,移送入选精矿0.5万吨,选矿比为40%,适用税额为10元/吨。该铁矿山当月应缴纳的资源税为()。
Webelievethatwiththejointeffortsofourtwocities,thefriendlycooperationbetweenuswilldevelopfurther.
最新回复
(
0
)