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  3. Material culture refers to what can be seen, held, felt, used-what a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technolog

Material culture refers to what can be seen, held, felt, used-what a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technolog

admin2009-04-23  34
问题     Material culture refers to what can be seen, held, felt, used-what a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of material culture in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph(留声机) was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra(交响乐).
    Sheet music(乐谱) or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and writ ten sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation(乐谱) has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.
    One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future-promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the "information revolution", a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.
选项 A、it helps produce new cultural tools and technology
B、it can reflect the development of the nation
C、it helps understand the nation’s past and present
D、it can demonstrate the nation’s civilization
答案C
解析 细节判断题。根据文章第一段第二句：Examining a culture’s material civilization can tell us about the nation’s history and way of life，可知C选项：这有助于了解该国的过去和现在。符合原文和题目要求，故C为正确答案。
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大学英语四级

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