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  3. The AlphaGo program’ s victory is an example of how smart computers have become. But can artificial intelligence (AI) machine

The AlphaGo program’ s victory is an example of how smart computers have become. But can artificial intelligence (AI) machine

admin2021-01-06  11
问题    The AlphaGo program’ s victory is an example of how smart computers have become.
   But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?
   One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes than human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between lives. Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to avoid a dog? What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengers?
   Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings. Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.
   About the same time as AlphaGo’ s triumph, Microsoft’ s "chatbot" took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor, was designed to answer messages from people aged 18 -24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.
   AlphaGo’ s victory and Taylor’ s defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different to use AI in the real world. The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem.
   Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which owns AlphaGo. He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings smarter, more able and "just better human beings".
What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo’ s victory?
选项 A、Computers will prevail over human beings.
B、Computers have unmatched potential.
C、Computers are man’s potential rivals.
D、Computers can become highly intelligent.
答案D
解析 推理题。原文第一段指出，阿尔法围棋程序的胜利证明了电脑已经变得非常聪明，由此可知，D项描述符合原文，故答案为D。作者的关注点是“计算机的智慧”，而非其“潜力”，而且文中也没有提及未来计算机会不会战胜人类、会不会成为人类的对手，所以A、B、C三项均与题干所问不符，故排除。
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