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  3. Economics as currently presented in textbooks and taught in the classroom does not have much to do with business management, and

Economics as currently presented in textbooks and taught in the classroom does not have much to do with business management, and

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问题     Economics as currently presented in textbooks and taught in the classroom does not have much to do with business management, and still less with entrepreneurship. The degree to which economics is isolated from the ordinary business of life is extraordinary and unfortunate.
    That was not the case in the past. When modern economics was born, Adam Smith envisioned it as a study of the "nature and causes of the wealth of nations. " His seminal work, The Wealth of Nations, was widely read by businessmen, even though Smith belittled them quite bluntly for their greed, shortsightedness, and other defects. The academic community in those days was small, and economists had to appeal to a broad audience. Even at the turn of the 20th century, Alfred Marshall managed to keep economics as "both a study of wealth and a branch of the study of man. " Economics remained relevant to industrialists.
    In the 20th century, economics consolidated as a profession; economists could afford to write exclusively for one another. At the same time, the field experienced a paradigm shift, gradually identifying itself as a theoretical approach of economization and giving up the real-world economy as its subject matter. Today, production is marginalized in economics, and the paradigmatic question is a rather static one of resource allocatioa The tools used by economists to analyze business firms are too abstract and speculative to offer any guidance to entrepreneurs and managers in their constant struggle to bring novel products to consumers at low cost.
    This separation of economics from the working economy has severely damaged both the business community and the academic discipline. Since economics offers little in the way of practical insight, managers and entrepreneurs depend on their own business brains, personal judgment, and rules of thumb in making decisions. In times of crisis, when business leaders lose their self-confidence, they often look to political power to fill the void. Government is increasingly seen as the ultimate solution to tough economic problems, from innovation to employment.
    Today, a modern market economy with its ever-finer division of labor depends on a constantly expanding network of trade. It requires an intricate web of social institutions to coordinate the working of markets and firms across various boundaries. At a time when the modern economy is becoming increasingly institutions-intensive, the reduction of economics to price theory is troubling enough. It is suicidal for the field to slide into a hard science of choice, ignoring the influences of society, history, culture, and politics on the working of the economy.
    It is time to reengage the severely impoverished field of economics with the economy. Market economies springing up herald a new era of entrepreneurship, and with it unprecedented opportunities for economists to study how the market economy gains its resilience in societies with cultural, institutional, and organizational diversities. But knowledge will come only if economics can be reoriented to the study of man as he is and the economic system as it actually exists.
As for reengaging economics with economy, the author suggests that economists should primarily______.
选项 A、conduct research on the spirit of entrepreneurship
B、make a close examination of the market elasticity
C、offer insightful guidance in business management
D、study how a society organizes its economy
答案D
解析 末段作者总结收篇，指出必须将经济学与经济进行再接轨，建议经济学家将研究方向重新定位为(商)人以及人类社会活动中的商业经济活动，即，人+经济两相结合，[D]选项与此文意最为贴切。
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