首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Cultural norms so completely surround people, so permeate thought and action, that we never recognize the assumptions on which t
Cultural norms so completely surround people, so permeate thought and action, that we never recognize the assumptions on which t
admin
2012-11-22
32
问题
Cultural norms so completely surround people, so permeate thought and action, that we never recognize the assumptions on which their lives and their sanity rest. As one observer put it, if birds were suddenly endowed with scientific curiosity they might examine many things, but the sky itself would be overlooked as a suitable subject; if fish were to become curious about the world, it would never occur to them to begin by investigating water①. For birds and fish would take the sky and sea for granted, unaware of their profound influence because they comprise the medium for every fact. Human beings, in a similarly way, occupy a symbolic universe governed by codes that are unconsciously acquired and automatically employed. So much so that they rarely notice that the ways they interpret and talk about events are distinctively different from the ways people conduct their affairs in other cultures.
As long as people remain blind to the sources of their meanings, they are imprisoned within them. These cultural frames of reference are no less confining simply because they cannot be seen or touched. Whether it is an individual neurosis that keeps an individual out of contact with his neighbors, or a collective neurosis that separates neighbors of different cultures, both are forms of blindness that limit what can be experienced and what can be learned from others②.
It would seem that everywhere people would desire to break out of the boundaries of their own experiential worlds. Their ability to react sensitively to a wider spectrum of events and peoples requires an overcoming of such cultural parochialism. But, in fact, few attain this broader vision. Some, of course, have little opportunity for wider cultural experience, though this condition should change as the movement of people accelerates. Others do not try to widen their experience because they prefer the old and familiar, seek from their affairs only further confirmation of the correctness of their own values. Still others recoil from such experiences because they feel it dangerous to probe too deeply into the personal or cultural unconscious. Expo sure may reveal how tenuous and arbitrary many cultural norms are; such exposure might force people to ac quire new bases for interpreting events. And even for the many who do seek actively to enlarge the variety of human beings with whom they are capable of communicating there are still difficulties.
Cultural myopia persists not merely because of inertia and habit, but chiefly because it is so difficult to overcome. One acquires a personality and a culture in childhood, long before he is capable of comprehending either of them. To survive, each person masters the perceptual orientations, cognitive biases, and communicative habits of his own culture. But once mastered, objective assessment of these same processes is awkward since the same mechanisms that are being evaluated must be used in making the evaluations.
The examples of birds and fish are used to ______.
选项
A、show that they, too, have their respective cultures
B、explain humans occupy a symbolic universe as birds and fish occupy the sky and the sea
C、illustrate that human beings are unaware of the cultural codes governing them
D、demonstrate the similarity between man, birds, and fish in their ways of thinking
答案
C
解析
事实细节题。文章第一段第三句拿鸟和鱼与人作类比,鱼和鸟“unaware of their profound influence of the sky and the sea”,这一点与第四句话:人类“unconsciously acquire and employ(cultural codes)”是一回事。所以答案为C ,这也正好与文章第一句话照应:人们对自己的文化规约不自知。选项A 和B 只是假设的表层现象,予以排除;选项D 是强干扰项,但这里不是讲述整体思维方式的比较,所以太笼统,偏离了主题。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/yUhK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
It’ssaidthemostexcitingkindofeducationisalsothemostpersonal.Nothingcan【C1】______thejoyofdiscoveringsomethin
TheFatherandHisSonsAfatherhadafamilyofsonswhowereperpetuallyquarrelingamongthemselves./Whenhefailedto
Thechildrenprefercampinginthemountains______anindooractivity.
Thegalehasratherincreasedthanshownany______ofabating.
Wherearethetouristsfrom?
Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwaysfromothersofthesameage.Forthesechildrento【C1】______tothei
WhenSpanishfootballclubBarcelonapaidUS$35millionforRonaldinholastsummer,theyweren’tbuyingaprettyface."Iam【C1】
WhenSpanishfootballclubBarcelonapaidUS$35millionforRonaldinholastsummer,theyweren’tbuyingaprettyface."Iam【C1】
Indigitalelectronics,signalsarebrokendownintothousands,maybemillions,______,,whichareencodedaszeroesandones.
Heraddressmadeagreatimpression______theaudience.
随机试题
如何检修电磁式燃油表?
建设阶段是指项目从申请开工到竣工验收所经过的过程。()
下列各项中,应按税法规定计算征收增值税的有()。
行政强制执行是指公民、法人或其他组织不履行法律规定的义务或行政机关依法做出的行政处理决定中规定的义务,有关国家机关依法强制其履行义务或达到与履行义务相同状态的行为。下列不属于行政强制执行的是()。
毛泽东说:“人民要解放,就把权力委托给能够代表他们的、能够忠实为他们办事的人,这就是我们共产党人。”中国共产党的执政地位是历史和人民的选择。因为()。
下列关于中国人民为争取民族解放和复兴所做的努力说法错误的是()。
木星,古称()。水星,又名()。土星,又称为()。
简述犯罪主观方面的两种罪过形式。
求积分
设A为n阶非零矩阵,E为n阶单位矩阵.若A3=0,则().
最新回复
(
0
)