首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Beha
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Beha
admin
2011-02-28
29
问题
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their con sequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks creativity in grade-school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
"If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it’s easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards."
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades.
In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity ,the Delaware psychologist claims.
What is the response of many educators to external rewards for their students?
选项
A、They have no doubts about them.
B、They have doubts about them.
C、They approve of them.
D、They avoid talking about them.
答案
B
解析
教育者对奖励的适用范围怀有疑问。如何适度地采用奖励的形式达到理想效果,而又不损伤学生的积极创造性,是他们关注的问题。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/yYtd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语三级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语三级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Inthe1960stheWestCoastbecameanimportantcenterforrockmusic.LosAngelesandSouthernCaliforniaarefamousforsunshi
Parentsnowhaveapopularbeliefthatschoolsarenolongerinterestedinspelling.NoschoolIhavetaughtinhaseverignored
Usingapublictelephonemaywellbeoneoftheminorirritationsoflife,demandingpatience,determinationandastrongpossib
Usingapublictelephonemaywellbeoneoftheminorirritationsoflife,demandingpatience,determinationandastrongpossib
Usingapublictelephonemaywellbeoneoftheminorirritationsoflife,demandingpatience,determinationandastrongpossib
Usingapublictelephonemaywellbeoneoftheminorirritationsoflife,demandingpatience,determinationandastrongpossib
Payandproductivity,itisgenerallyassumed,shouldberelated.Buttherelationshipseemstoweaken【C1】______peoplegetolder
Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burd
Mariefeltnervouswhensheknockedatthedoorbecause______.Wecaninferfromthetextthattheemployeesoftheenterprise
Companieshavethelegalrighttomonitoremployees’e-mailandinstantmessaging.Manydo,whethertheywarntheirworkersorno
随机试题
下列杂剧作家属于“元曲四大家”的有【】
新民主主义革命的根本目的是()
A.草酸钙簇晶及晶鞘纤维B.草酸钙簇晶及蓝色色素C.芥子酶分泌细胞D.针晶束及砂晶E.油细胞及方晶番泻叶粉末镜检可见
躯体感觉中枢位于
依据《建设工程委托监理合同(示范文本)》的规定,监理人可以单方面提出终止合同的情况是()。
下列关于A公司办理加工贸易合同备案的表述正确的是:A公司的剩余料件拟结转到另一个加工贸易合同生产出口,其要求的条件为:
在官制中实行差遣制的朝代是( )。
曲线,直线x=2及x轴所围成的平面图形绕x轴旋转一周所成的旋转体的体积为______。
Lookatthenotesbelow.Someinformationismissing.YouwillheartheChiefFinancialOfficerispresentingtheannualreport
What’sHot,What’sNotfor2006Thisyearmarksnotonlythe50thanniversaryofIRAbutalsothe10thyearofthe"What’sh
最新回复
(
0
)