2. 计算机
  3. Routing in circuit-switching networks has traditionally involved a static routing strategy with the use of (1) paths to respond

Routing in circuit-switching networks has traditionally involved a static routing strategy with the use of (1) paths to respond

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问题 Routing in circuit-switching networks has traditionally involved a static routing strategy with the use of (1) paths to respond to increased load．Modem routing strategies provide more adaptive and flexible approaches．The routing function of a packet-switching network attempts to find the least-cost route through the network，with cost based on the number of (2)，expected delay，or other metrics．In virtually all packet-switching networks，some sort of adaptive routing technique is used．Adaptive routing algorithms typically rely on the(3) of information about traffic conditions among nodes．In most cases，adaptive strategies depend on status information that is (4) at one place but used at another．There is a tradeoff here between the quality of the information and the amount of (5)．The exchanged information is itself a load on the constituent networks，causing a performance degradation．
(5)应填_________。
选项 A、packets
B、information
C、data
D、overhead
答案D
解析 电路交换网中的路由选择通常涉及静态路由策略，它使用备用路径来响应增大的负载。现代的路由策略提供了更具适应性和灵活性的方法。分组交换网的路由选择功能试图找出穿过网络的最小代价路由，其中代价的计算依据是跳数、预计的时延或其他度量。事实上在所有的分组交换网络中，都使用了某种形式的自适应路由选择技术。自适应路由选择算法通常依赖于节点间流量状态信息的交换。在大多数情况下，自适应策略所依据的状态信息是从一个地点收集的，但却在另一个地点使用。此时，需要在信息质量和额外开销量之间寻求平衡关系。这个信息本身就是网络的负荷，它会导致性能的下降。
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