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  3. "You are not here to tell me what to do. You are here to tell me why I have done what I have already decided to do," Montagu Nor

"You are not here to tell me what to do. You are here to tell me why I have done what I have already decided to do," Montagu Nor

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问题     "You are not here to tell me what to do. You are here to tell me why I have done what I have already decided to do," Montagu Norman, the Bank of England’s longest-serving governor (1920-1944), is reputed to have once told his economic adviser. Today, thankfully, central banks aim to be more transparent in their decision making, as well as more rational. But achieving either of these things is not always easy. With the most laudable of intentions, the Federal Reserve, America’s central bank, may be about to take a step that could backfire.
    Unlike the Fed, many other central banks have long declared explicit inflation targets and then set interest rates to try to meet these. Some economists have argued that the Fed should do the same. With Alan Greenspan, the Fed’s much-respected chairman, due to retire next year—after a mere 18 years in the job—some Fed officials want to adopt a target, presumably to maintain the central bank’s credibility in the scary new post-Greenspan era. The Fed discussed such a target at its February meeting, according to minutes published this week. This sounds encouraging. However, the Fed is considering the idea just when some other central banks are beginning to question whether strict inflation targeting really works.
    At present central banks focus almost exclusively on consumer-price indices. On this measure Mr. Greenspan can boast that inflation remains under control. But some central bankers now argue that the prices of assets, such as houses and shares, should also somehow be taken into account. A broad price index for America which includes house prices is currently running at 5. 5%, its fastest pace since 1982. Inflation has simply taken a different form.
    Should central banks also try to curb increases in such asset prices? Mr. Greenspan continues to insist that monetary policy should not be used to prick asset-price bubbles. Identifying bubbles is difficult, except in retrospect, he says, and interest rates are a blunt weapon: an increase big enough to halt rising prices could trigger a recession. It is better, he says, to wait for a housing or stock market bubble to burst and then to cushion the economy by cutting interest rates—as he did in 2001 -2002.
    And yet the risk is not just that asset prices can go swiftly into reverse. As with traditional inflation, surging asset prices also distort price signals and so can cause a misallocation of resources—encouraging too little saving, for example, or too much investment in housing. Surging house prices may therefore argue for higher interest rates than conventional inflation would demand. In other words, strict inflation targeting—the fad of the 1990s—is too crude.
It is implied in the fourth paragraph that Mr. Greenspan is skeptical of______.
选项 A、the stipulation of anti-monopoly rules and regulations
B、the intervention by central banks in asset prices
C、the prevention of economic recession
D、the countdown by the Federal Reserve of new economic upheavals
答案B
解析 这是一道细节归纳推导题，测试考生对原文相关信息的归纳和推导能力。本题的答案信息在第四段，尤其是第一、二句。第一句话问：“中央银行是否应该抑制上述资产价格方面的增长?”第二句话回答：“格林斯潘先生继续坚持金融政策不应该被用来刺破资产价格的泡沫”。由此可以推断：格林斯潘不赞成中央银行用相关金融政策去干涉资产价格。故本题的正确选项应该是B“the invention by central banks in asset prices”(中央银行在资产价格方面的干涉)。考生在阅读时应注意对原文上下旬之间语意关系的理解和把握。
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