首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Answer Questions 71 to 80 by referring to the 3 articles on juvenile delinquency. Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and
Answer Questions 71 to 80 by referring to the 3 articles on juvenile delinquency. Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and
admin
2014-06-20
26
问题
Answer Questions 71 to 80 by referring to the 3 articles on juvenile delinquency. Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Note: When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order. Some choices may be required more than once.
In which article(s)does(do)the author(s)
A
Impoverished young people experience society’s linkage between poverty and crime from an early age. Many of them become involved with the police and the justice system simply because they appear poor or socially undesirable, or because they "look" dangerous—not because they have broken any law.
People don’t have to probe very far into the backgrounds of children who wind up in police stations and courtrooms to find a common denominator: poverty. In developing countries, poverty often forces children out of the house when they are as young as 10, sometimes even younger. They may never have had the opportunity to go to school, or may have attended irregularly or been "pushed" out, their performance hindered by hunger or distance from the school. Civil unrest may have forced them to flee their rural home for the city, where they arrived without papers and became separated from family members or friends.
At any rate, these young people are probably living on the street, where destitution may lead them to steal from a shop, pick someone’s pocket or barter the only thing they own—their bodies— for survival.
In the industrialized countries, many young people are surrounded by wealth but live in deprivation, taunted by the unattainable riches of a consumer society. Growing up in neighborhoods where every corner has its drug dealer, and lacking the role model of grown-ups who go to legitimate jobs every morning, some find it impossible to resist the temptation of the drug trade’s easy money. Eventually the police catch up with them. That is often the start of a life in which they know their probation officers better than their teachers.
B
All countries have an age at which people become adults in the legal sense of the word—they can vote, sign legal contracts, marry. But the Convention on the Rights of the Child calls for countries to establish a minimum age below which young people " shall be presumed not to have the capacity to infringe the penal law"—in other words, an age below which they are too young to be responsible for their actions and therefore too young to face criminal sanctions.
But this age varies widely, and in many cases it is far too young: The age of criminal responsibility is 7 years in, for example, India, Ireland, Jordan, Nigeria, Pakistan, South Africa, Sudan, Switzerland, Tanzania and Thailand. Under common law, the age is also 7 in most US states. A child barely old enough to go to school cannot possibly have the maturity to understand the consequences of his or her behaviour.
Given that such young children can be subject to the penal code, it is all the more important that each country establish a humane and constructive juvenile justice system. Such a system is designed to deal with young offenders until they reach the age of adulthood. In an ideal world it
serves as a safety net, catching children who commit petty offences and, instead of locking them away, helping them learn a sense of responsibility for their actions. The system should be based on knowledge of child development. At the same time, the juvenile justice system must protect society from potentially dangerous criminals.
In many countries, a few brutal, highly publicized crimes by young people have led to public demands to lower the age at which children are held criminally responsible. Government leaders must resist the temptation to reduce the juvenile justice system to a structure for retribution designed for the rare hardened child criminal. Glib slogans like "Adult time for adult crime" betray the very people that society has failed and encourage "warehousing" of juveniles—in prisons that in reality serve as training grounds for criminals.
C
There is no question that preventing crime is preferable to punishing it. Never is that more true than in the case of juvenile delinquency, so often a cry for help from a troubled youngster.
The UN Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency, known as the " Riyadh Guidelines" , recognize the importance of preventing young people from being stigmatized by the justice system. The Guidelines call for the development of measures that "avoid criminalizing and penalizing a child for behaviour that does not cause serious damage to the development of the child or harm to others. " This statement sends a profound message: Preventing juvenile delinquency or crime is not just a matter of protecting society—its aim is to help children overcome their misdeeds and fulfill their potential. It is also less costly and more efficient for society to prevent young people from starting on criminal careers than to pay for the outcome of criminal behaviour.
Many programmers have been established to help young people. In the Canadian province of Ontario, a Reasoning and Rehabilitation Project run by probation officers helps juveniles to modify impulsive behaviour and learn alternative responses to interpersonal problems. Recidivism has fallen dramatically among the participants. In the Netherlands, Project HALT requires vandals to personally compensate their victims but in such a way that avoids stigmatizing them with the label of "criminal".
选项
A、
B、
C、
答案
C
解析
题目问的是“在哪篇文章巾提到建立青少年司法体系是为了帮助那些年轻人而不是单单的惩罚他们?”。在C篇第二段第三句中,“Preventing juvenile delinquency or crime is not just a mat—ter of protecting society--its aim is to help children overcome theirmisdeeds and fulfill their potential.”,青少年司法体系是为了帮助孩子战胜那些错误的行为,使他们的潜能得以实现,故选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/z8Xd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Sarahstartedstudyingphilosophybeforeshewenttoprimaryschool.
Ajobinterviewisyourchanceto(31)anemployerwhatheorshewillgetifyou’re(32).Thatiswhyitis(33)tobewellpre
______hasadriverseatthatcanbeadjustedtofitmostpeople?______givesthemostspacefortallpassengersintheback?
______hasadriverseatthatcanbeadjustedtofitmostpeople?______offersapoorviewevenwhenthemirrorsareused?
Answerquestionsbyreferringtothecommentson3differenttypesofmusicinthefollowingmagazinearticle.A=Country
TherecentsocialandeconomicchangesintheU.S.havegreatimpactonalltheAmericanhousingsystem.
Thereisadifferencebetweenscienceandtechnology.Scienceisamethodofansweringtheoretical(31);technologyisamethod
Chocolateisnotagreatsourceofnutrients,butthere’snoharmineatingamoderateamount,especiallythedarkvariety,(31)
Chocolateisnotagreatsourceofnutrients,butthere’snoharmineatingamoderateamount,especiallythedarkvariety,(31)
Iwasnotmorethanthirteenyearsoldatthetime,(31),butIrememberthemomentasifit(32)yesterday.Ihadjusttakenmy
随机试题
关于急诊室工作制度,哪项有错误
王女士,59岁,既往高血压史10年,为某大学教授,最近2个月一直在为学生答辩而忙碌。昨晚伏案工作时,突然晕倒,家人立即将之送至医院。急诊查体发现:患者呈昏迷状态,瞳孔缩小,颈软,左侧肢体偏瘫,并出现二便失禁。立即行CT检查,发现右侧基底节区有边界清楚的高密
质量控制包括多方面内容,但不包括下面哪项内容
超量服用可引起急性中毒性肝损坏的药物是长期口服可引起凝血障碍的药物是
企业资产变现是既有法人可用于项目资本金的内部资金来源,通常包括()。
班轮运费=()。
某社会工作事务机构到社区附近的餐厅宣传“光盘行动”,倡导社区居民养成“爱惜粮食,从我做起”的良好行为习惯。该机构的上述做法属于社区教育活动中的()
失明者的听觉、触觉等方面往往会获得超常发展,这说明人的身心发展具有()。
软件设计中划分模块的一个准则是()。
SavingOurPlanetA)Inthelongview,thehumanrelationshipwithforestshasbeenoneofbrutaldestruction,butevenitc
最新回复
(
0
)