2. 外语
  3. The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe c

The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe c

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问题       The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe classes of products. In today’s prosperous societies the distinction has become obscure because so many wants have been turned into needs. A writer, for instance, can work with paper and pencils. These are legitimate needs for the task. But the work can be done more quickly and efficiently with a word processor. Thus a computer is soon viewed as a need rather than a want.
     In the field of marketing, consumer goods are classed according to the way in which they are purchased. The two main categories are convenience goods and shopping goods. Two lesser types are specialty goods and unsought goods. It must be emphasized that all of these types are based on the way shoppers think about products, not on the nature of the products themselves. What is regarded as a convenience item in France (wine, for example) may be a specialty good in the United States.
     People do not spend a great deal of time shopping for such convenience items as groceries, newspapers, toothpaste, razor blades, aspirin, and candy. The buying of convenience goods may be done routinely, as some families buy groceries once a week. Such regularly purchased items are called staples. Sometimes convenience products are bought on impulse: someone has a sudden desire for an ice cream sundae on a hot day. Or they may be purchased as emergency items.
     Shopping goods are items for which customers search. They compare prices, quality, and styles, and may visit a number of stores before making a decision. Buying an automobile is often done this way.
     Shopping goods fall into two classes: those that are perceived as basically the same and those that are regarded as different, Items that are looked upon as basically the same include such things as home appliances, television sets, and automobiles. Having decided on the model desired, the customer is primarily interested in getting the item at the most favorable price. Items regarded as inherently different include clothing, furniture, and dishes. Quality, style, and fashion will either take precedence over price, or they will not matter at all.
      Specialty goods have characteristics that impel customers to make special efforts to find them. Price may be no consideration at all. Specialty goods can include almost any kind of product. Normally, specialty goods have a brand name or other distinguishing characteristics.
     Unsought goods are items a consumer does not necessarily want or need or may not even know about. Promotion or advertising brings such goods to the consumer’s attention. The product could be something new on the market as the Sony Walkman once was or it may be a fairly standard service, such as life insurance, for which most people will usually not bother shopping.
In the third paragraph, the phrase "on impulse" is closest in meaning to
选项 A、impatiently.
B、With a start.
C、recklessly.
D、under no consideration.
答案D
解析 本题考查词义理解。on impulse出现在文章第三段第四句“sometimes convenience products are bought on impulse：someone has a sudden desire for an ice cream sundae on a hot day”中，仔细阅读此句，会发现，on impulse的意思在本句后面已经用同义词给出解释，即： sudden desire for…。四个选项的意思分别是impatiently“不耐心地”； with a start“吃惊地”；recklessly“鲁莽地，不顾一切地”；under no consideration“不加思索地，冲动地”，由此可见，选项D 为正确答案。
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