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  3. Trees should only be pruned(修剪)when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and，fortunately，the number of such reasons is

Trees should only be pruned(修剪)when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and，fortunately，the number of such reasons is

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问题  Trees should only be pruned(修剪)when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and，fortunately，the number of such reasons is small．Pruning involves cutting away of  overgrown and unwanted branches，and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged bv the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the trees to grow in their own ways．
    First，pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size．The object may be to get a tree of the right height，and at the same time to help the growth of smail side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape．Secondly，pruning may be done to make the tree healthier．  You may cut out diseased or dead wood，or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus causing wounds．The heahh of a tree mav be encouraged by removing the branches that are locking up the centre and SO preventing the free movement of air．
    One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easv entry for diseases，but it is a wound that will heal(愈合)．Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die，or that there is a Deriod when the tree is at risk．  It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce the risk as far as possible．It is essential tO make the area which has been pruned smooth and clean，for healing will be。slowed down by roughness．  You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose．Pruning is usually done in winter，for then you can see the shaPe of the tree clearlv without the interference(~)from the leaves and it is，too，very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed．If this does happen，it is，of course，impossible to paint them properly．
Trees become unhealthy if the gardener_____________．
选项 A、to helps a wound to dry
B、to covers a rough surface
C、damages some of the small side branches
D、allows too many branches to grow in the middle
答案D
解析 由第二段最后一句可知，如果让太多的枝丫长到中间，树就会不健康。A项和B项都是剪枝后的注意事项，C项是剪枝时的注意事项。
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