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  3. On the Internet, ads are a real problem. They’re a problem for us, the people, and not just because they clutter up our Web page

On the Internet, ads are a real problem. They’re a problem for us, the people, and not just because they clutter up our Web page

admin2019-09-23  38
问题    On the Internet, ads are a real problem. They’re a problem for us, the people, and not just because they clutter up our Web pages, they also cost us money (in mobile data charges), battery life and time.
   Surprisingly, they’re also a problem for advertisers and websites. Suddenly the popularity of ad-blocking software has reached a tipping point. According to a study by Adobe and PageFair (which offers anti-ad-blocking services), 41 percent of adults younger than 30 use these blockers. Overall, ad-blocker installations are up 48 percent in a year — and that was before Apple began approving ad-blocking apps for the iPhone and iPad last September, marking ad blocking has come to the mobile world for the first time in a huge way.
   The thing is, most of those free articles, videos and services you enjoy are brought to you by the advertising. If you’re not seeing the ads, then the central financial transaction of the online content economy collapses. What then?
   Some websites appeal to visitors directly, asking you to view the ads. Last summer Wired.com’s home page said, "Please do us a favor and disable your ad blocker." Other sites simply turn you away if you have an ad blocker installed. The sites for leading UK broadcasters Channel 4 and ITV present a dark screen.
   Enter ad-blocker-blocking technology — Web software that tries to fool the ad blockers so that the ads appear despite your blocker. Some companies that operate ad blockers even accept money from large advertisers, although they deny giving ads from those companies’ special treatment.
   But these tactics treat the public as the enemy. They create a technology arms race. "You will see our ads, like it or not!"
   Advertising executives may tell you that one solution may be native advertising: ads dressed up as articles. They’re displayed as actual stories or videos rather than splashy ads, so they pass through ad blockers. These can lead to some murky territory, however, blurring the line between traditional content and content aiming to sell you something.
   So tech Utopians like me wonder why the answer isn’t micropayments. You know, instead of looking at ads, you’re automatically billed a few cents for each article you read or video you watch. Unfortunately, in the late 1990s and early 2000s a bunch of companies tried to invent micropayment systems; all of them failed.
   To find out why, I tracked down the CEOs of some of the startups who have all moved on to other endeavors. "Micropayments sound great on paper," former BitPass CEO Douglas Knopper told me. "But in practice, they require four things for the consumer that are hard to pull off: simplicity, ubiquity, security — and it has to be free. The economics to the retailer don’t work, because there are too many middlemen — credit card processors, etc. So until someone figures out how to crack the code ... micropayments aren’t going to get any traction."
   The timing was wrong, too. Charles Cohen, founder of failed micropayment company Beenz, told me that these efforts mostly died "because the dot-com bubble burst, and most of the companies who were accepting and issuing our microcurrency went up in a puff of smoke."
   So micropayments may face an uphill battle, but there aren’t any screamingly obvious reasons why they couldn’t work now. It seems Web companies would be happy to get out of the ad-blocking arms race, while Web users, well, we wouldn’t mind paying a few cents here and there to never encounter another intrusive banner ad or slow-to-load video ad.
Online ads are a nuisance for people because______.
选项 A、websites are full of ads
B、loading ads takes time
C、they pay money for making ads
D、ads slow down network speed
答案B
解析 细节题。第1段第2句指出，网上广告让我们困扰的原因有四点，一方面广告会把网页弄得乱七八糟，另一方面加载广告会因消耗移动流量而费钱(cost our money)，损耗电池寿命(battery life)而且浪费我们的时间(time)。故选B(加载广告消耗时间)。注意选项A与文中提及的clutter up our Web pages表述相似，容易误选。应辨析两种表达的差异。根据词典的释义：be full of意为“containing as much or as many things or people as possible，so there is no space left”。据此可知，A更强调网页被广告充满了，已经没有空间展示其他内容。clutter up意为“to cover or fill a space or room with too many things，so that it looks very untidy”。强调堆得乱七八糟，让网页页面显得很不整洁。言下之意，广告影响了网页的视觉效果，但没有影响网页的内容呈现。因此排除选项A。选项C试图用pay money for…吸引考生视线，与后文作者倡议的付费消除广告混淆。
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