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  3. Shoals of fish are able to move and turn in seamless formation by following simple rules that are like those used by car drivers

Shoals of fish are able to move and turn in seamless formation by following simple rules that are like those used by car drivers

admin2012-05-04  46
问题     Shoals of fish are able to move and turn in seamless formation by following simple rules that are like those used by car drivers, researchers say.
    Some of the most【C1】______sights in nature happen when animals form【C2】______ groups and move together as if【C3】______. Earlier work has shown that fish in large groups make better decisions than【C4】______or small groups.
    Many theories have been【C5】______ about how animals might communicate in order to【C6】______this. But now it appears really simple. The researchers【C7】______groups of two, four or eight mosquito fish in a square arena for five minutes【C8】______studied the movements of individuals in each group. The【C9】______of the swimming fish were fed into software which acts like many pairs of eyes to keep【C10】______ on the direction and speed of each fish in the school and【C11】______it responds to other fish around it.
    As schools of fish rarely suffer from crashes or【C12】______, the rules they use could also【C13】______be applied to robotic systems to solve traffic problems. If a system could be【C14】______ where each car knew where each car was and they could respond to each other and communicate with each other, traffic problems【C15】______ be avoid.
    The researchers used a technique called artificial neural networks to look for【C16】______ in the data. And it turns out the【C17】______ well-organized swimming that fish in shoals【C18】______is actually caused by each fish using very simple rules to respond to its neighbors. These rules include " accelerate towards a neighbor that is far away from you" and " decelerate when a neighbor is【C19】______ in front of you". It is also found that a fish only responds to a single nearest neighbor at any one time. Those【C20】______ to be the rules people use when they are driving.
【C13】
选项 A、theoretically
B、potentially
C、occasionally
D、definitely
答案B
解析 副词辨析题。句意同上。本段主要讨论研究鱼群有序游动规律的现实意义。根据句中的情态动词(两处均使用了could)，但这里并非表示过去，而是虚拟语气，即作者所说的仅是设想。因此，只有potentially“有潜在可能地”符合原文语境。本段探讨的是实际应用价值，因此排除theoretically“理论上地”；原文没有涉及时间或频度问题，故排除occasionally“偶尔地”；而由上述对于情态动词的分析可知definitely“一定地”与原文意义相悖，排除。
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