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  3. Nowadays with the development of economy, existing cities are growing bigger and new cities are appearing. What do you think is

Nowadays with the development of economy, existing cities are growing bigger and new cities are appearing. What do you think is

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问题     Nowadays with the development of economy, existing cities are growing bigger and new cities are appearing. What do you think is ONE of the major problems that may result from this process of urbanization? Write an essay of about 300 words on the topic given below.
                     ONE MAJOR PROBLEM IN THE PROCESS OF URBANIZATION
    In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you haw Written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
    Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
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答案 One Major Problem in the Process of Urbanization Nowadays with the development of economy, existing cities are growing bigger and new cities are appearing. No doubt, this process of urbanization has brought about fundamental changes in China. More and more people begin to live a well-off life. More and more areas take on a modern look. However, some problems also emerge from the spread of urbanization. Among others, I think, the increasing loss of arable land is such a problem of our major concern. For one thing, city building and expansion involves a huge expense of land. At present, cities are already thickly built-up. City constructors have to turn to the farmland. There they set up more factories and plants; there they construct highways and other forms of infrastructure. As a result, the size of the arable land shrinks quickly. As a side effect, a lot of farmers become surplus laborers. For a living they crowd into the cities, which will worsen the situation of city unemployment. What’s more, national conditions of China determine that the problem of land loss is a serious one. As we all know, China has the biggest population in the world. It is also a known fact that China ranks very low in terms of the size of arable land per capita. As a matter of fact grain supply has always remained a heavy burden in our country. With the reduction of farmland, the problem has become even more acute. Apparently, we do not feel much of the pressure these days. There are two reasons. One is that we have reaped successive harvests. The other is that we have been importing grain. However, neither of them is reliable in the long run. Natural disasters may fall some day. Foreign countries may repudiate grain exportation for political reasons. Evidently, a country with a big population like China will be perilous if she cannot afford the supply of its own food. In a word, among the problems posed by the process of urbanization, land loss is doubtless one of a serious nature in the actual context of China. We seem to be involved in a conflict then. Specifically we pursue the line of urbanization as a necessary part of modernization on the one hand, and face the dangerous loss of farmland on the other. The best solution, I suppose, is to make the most and best of every inch of land through reasonable planning.
解析 第1段：交待背景，引出话题：随着经济的发展，现有城市不断扩大，新的城市不断涌现。城市化虽然好处众多，但也会带来许多问题。接着，提出自己的观点，认为鉴于中国是一个人口众多、可耕地偏少的国家这一事实，城市化过程带来的一个主要问题是可耕地的大量流失。
第2段：提出第1个方面的理由，即城市化过程会占用大量的可耕地。建工厂、工业园区需要用地，建道路需要用地，等等。这一切使得农用田的面积不断缩小。由此也带来一些后果，农副业产量会下降，又如大量农民成了富余劳力，一旦他们涌入城市，又会给已经很不景气的就业市场带来更大的冲击。
第3段：提出第2个方面的理由，即中国国情决定了可耕地流失问题的严重性。众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家，同时又是人均可耕地面积极少的国家。粮食问题是重中之重，没有足够的可耕地，粮食问题将难以解决，进口粮食只能作出一种补充，但不可过分依赖，否则会非常被动。
第4段：总结上文的讨论，得出结论，即可耕地流失问题是城市化进程带来的一个主要问题。同时建议应合理、节省地使用土地，最大程度上避免可耕地的流失。
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