首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Labor is not just a meaningful experience—it’s also a marketable one. When instant cake mixes were introduced, in the 1950s, hou
Labor is not just a meaningful experience—it’s also a marketable one. When instant cake mixes were introduced, in the 1950s, hou
admin
2015-07-13
54
问题
Labor is not just a meaningful experience—it’s also a marketable one. When instant cake mixes were introduced, in the 1950s, housewives were initially resistant: The mixes were too easy, suggesting that their labor was undervalued. When manufacturers changed the recipe to require the addition of an egg, adoption rose dramatically. Ironically, increasing the labor involved—making thetask more arduous—led to greater liking.
Research conducted with my colleagues Daniel Mochon, of Yale University, and Dan Ariely, of Duke University, shows that labor enhances affection for its results. When people construct products themselves, from bookshelves to Build-a-Bears, they come to overvalue their (often poorly made) creations. We call this phenomenon the IKEA effect, in honor of the wildly successful Swedish manufacturer whose products typically arrive with some assembly required.
In one of our studies we asked people to fold origami (the Japanese art of folding paper into shapes representing objects) and then to bid on their own creations along with other people’s. They were consistently willing to pay more for their own origami. In fact, they were so fond of their amateurish creations that they valued them as highly as origami made by experts.
We also investigated the limits of the IKEA effect, showing that labor leads to higher valuation only when the labor is fruitful: When participants failed to complete an effortful task, the IKEA effect dissipated. Our research suggests that consumers may be willing to pay a premium for do-it-yourself projects, but there’s an important caution: Companies hoping to persuade their customers to assume labor costs—for example, by nudging them toward self-service through internet channels—should be careful to create tasks difficult enough to lead to higher valuation but not so difficult that customers can’t complete them.
Finally, the IKEA effect has broader implications for organizational dynamics: It contributes to the sunk cost effect, whereby managers continue to devote resources to (sometimes failing) projects in which they have invested their labor, and to the not-invented-here syndrome, whereby they discount good ideas developed elsewhere in favor of their (sometimes inferior) internally developed ideas. Managers should keep in mind that ideas they have come to love because they invested their own labor in them may not be as highly valued by their coworkers—or their customers.
We know from Paragraph 4 that the IKEA effect would disappear_____.
选项
A、as long as the labor is fruitful and effortful
B、as the difficulty of the tasks heightens
C、if the customers are unwilling to pay a premium
D、when the task is beyond his/her ability
答案
D
解析
推理判断题。根据题干定位到第四段。该段讨论宜家效应的局限性,第一句说到如果参与者不能完成任务,该效应就不复存在了,D项与此相符,故为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/zg74777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
ManyforeignerswhohavenotvisitedBritaincallalltheinhabitantsEnglish,fortheyareusedtothinkingoftheBritishIsle
ManyforeignerswhohavenotvisitedBritaincallalltheinhabitantsEnglish,fortheyareusedtothinkingoftheBritishIsle
Excitement,fatigue,andanxietycanallbedetectedfromsomeone’sblinks,accordingtopsychologistJohnStern【C1】______Washin
Shopperschoosehybridcars,"green"washing-upliquidandenergy-savingdevicesovercheaperbutdirtieralternativespartlyto
Shopperschoosehybridcars,"green"washing-upliquidandenergy-savingdevicesovercheaperbutdirtieralternativespartlyto
Shopperschoosehybridcars,"green"washing-upliquidandenergy-savingdevicesovercheaperbutdirtieralternativespartlyto
ItcanbetemptingtopopamovieintheVCRorDVDplayerwhenit’sthedaybeforespringbreak,orwhenyou’resimplywornout
CharlesDarwinwedhiscousinEmmaandspawned10children,includingfourbrilliantscientists.AlbertEinstein’ssecondwifeE
Thesummer’smosttalkedaboutworkingpaperineconomicsisbyRobertGordon,anditissimplytitled"IsUSEconomicGrowthOv
达尔文的思想——2008年英译汉及详解Inhisautobiography,Darwinhimselfspeaksofhisintellectualpowerswithextraordinarymodesty.Hepoint
随机试题
女性,17岁。颈部肿大1年,无怕热、多食、易激动,查体:脉率、血压正常,甲状腺弥漫性肿大,质地柔软,未触及结节,表面光滑,采用的最佳治疗措施是
位于延髓腹外侧浅表部的中枢化学感受器的生理刺激因子是
男性,20岁,近5年反复咳嗽、咳脓痰,抗炎治疗后病情可暂时短期缓解,但从未系统体检。最急需进行的检查是
关于M蛋白的叙述错误的是
健康动物的粪便往往呈黄色,这跟下列哪种物质关系最密切()。
某租赁公司出租给某企业一台设备,年租金按年金法计算,折现率为12%,租期为5年,设备价格为68万元,承租企业年末支付租金与年初支出租金的租金差值为()。
公司今年的每股收益为1元,分配股利0.2元/股。该公司利润和股利的增长率都是6%.公司股票与市场组合的相关系数为0.8,公司股票的标准差为11%,市场组合的标准差为8%.政府债券利率为3%,股票市场的风险附加率为5%。则该公司的本期市盈率为()。
教师在面对压力的情况下,仍然能保持健康而稳定的心态,这是其()素养发挥了重要作用。
按照《中华人民共和国教育法》的规定,对在校园内结伙斗殴、寻衅滋事,扰乱学校及其他教育机构教育教学秩序或者破坏校舍、场地及其他财产的,由()来处罚。
“没有几个国家不存在这种持续的努力,即人口的增长比生活资料的增加更快。这种持续的努力总是倾向于让下层社会承受极端沉重的压力,并阻碍其生存状况发生任何永久性的重大改善。”这段文字最可能反映了谁的观点?
最新回复
(
0
)