首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincident
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincident
admin
2013-02-05
55
问题
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them. The high Himalayas and the Tibetan plateau certainly have extraordinary physical characteristics and the cultures that are found there are also unusual, though not unique. However there is no intention of adopting Montesquieu’s view of climate and soil as cultural determents. The ecology of a region merely poses some of the problems faced by the inhabitants of the region, and while the problems facing a culture are important to its development, they do not determine it.
The appearance of the Himalayas during the late Tertiary Period and the accompanying further raising of the previously established rages had a marked effect on the climate of the region. Primarily, of course, it blocked the Indian monsoon from reaching Central Asia at all. Secondly, air and moisture from other directions were also reduced.
Prior to the raising of the Himalayas, the land now forming the Tibetan uplands had a dry, continental climate with vegetation and animal’s life similar to that of much of the rest of the region on the same parallel, but somewhat different from that of the areas farther north, which were already drier①. With the coming of the Himalayas and the relatively sudden drying out of the region, there was a severe thinning out of the animal and plant population. The ensuing incomplete Pleistocene glaciations had a further thinning effect, but significantly did not wipe out life in the area. Thus after the end of the glaciations there were only a few varieties of life extant from the original continental species. Isolated by the Kunlun range from the Tarim basin and Turfan depression, species that had already adapted to the dry steppe climate, and would otherwise have been expected to flourish in Tibetan, the remaining native fauna and flora multiplied②. Armand de scribed the Tibetan fauna as not having great variety, but being "striking" in the abundance of the particular species that are present. The plant life is similarly limited in variety, with some observers finding no more than seventy varieties of plants in even the relatively fertile Eastern Tibetan valleys, with fewer than ten food crops. Tibetan "tea" is a major staple, perhaps replacing the unavailable vegetables.
The difficulties of living in an environment at once dry and cold, and populated with species more usually found in more hospitable climates, are great. These difficulties may well have influenced the unusual polyandrous societies typical of the region. Lattimore sees the maintenance of multi-husband households as being preserved from earlier forms by the harsh conditions of the Tibetan uplands, which permitted no experimentation and "froze" the cultures that came there. Kawakiwa, on the other hand, sees the polyandry as a way of easily permitting the best householder to become the head husband regardless of age. His de tailed studies of the Bhotea village of Tsumje do seem to support this idea of polyandry as a method of talent mobility in a situation where even the best talent is barely enough for survival.
In sum, though arguments can be made that a pre-existing polyandrous system was strengthened and preserved (insofar as it has been) by the rigors of the land, it would certainly be an overstatement to lay causative factors of any stronger nature to the ecological influences in this case③.
What are the "unusual traits or situations" referred to in the first sentence?
选项
A、Patterns of animals and plant growth.
B、Food and food preparation patterns of the upland Tibetans.
C、Social and familial organization of typical Tibetan society.
D、Extraordinary physical characteristics and the cultures.
答案
D
解析
推理判断题。A 和B 可以分别由第三段的前两句话“青藏高原地带是干燥的大陆性气候,动物、植被与同纬度的相似…后来减少”和最后两句话“这里植物种类有限,不超过七十种…而人们的食物类别也不超过十种”证实;选项C 可以由第四段的第二句活后半部分证实:“这种困难(指前一句提到的气候恶劣,动植物种类稀少)肯定对当地后来不同寻常的一妻多大制的出现产生了影响”,说明该地区的特别之处,但是都不全面;只有选项D 作了全面总结。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/zghK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Whatcanweinferaboutthecompany?
Humoristhemosteffectivemeansofhandlingthedifficultsituations.Itcanbeusedfor【C1】______updifferences,apologizing
UnlikethecarefullyweighedandplannedcompositionsofDante,Goethe’swritingshavealwaysthesenseofimmediacyandenthusi
Inthepasttwentyyears,therehasbeenanincreasingtendencyforworkerstomovefromonecountrytoanother.【C1】______somen
Inthepasttwentyyears,therehasbeenanincreasingtendencyforworkerstomovefromonecountrytoanother.【C1】______somen
Inthepasttwentyyears,therehasbeenanincreasingtendencyforworkerstomovefromonecountrytoanother.【C1】______somen
Inanysociety,nomatterhow【C1】______,someindividualshaveauthority【C2】______others,atleastwithinalimitedsphere.Obed
Inanysociety,nomatterhow【C1】______,someindividualshaveauthority【C2】______others,atleastwithinalimitedsphere.Obed
Tom______hisnewjobwithconfidence.
Recoveredfromthebitterness,Tom______hisnewjobwithconfidence.
随机试题
迄今已知的人类历史上最早的一部成文法典是()
发挥谈判群体效能最大化的一般途径有()
Noteveryoneintheworldrequiresthesameamountoflivingspace.Theamountofspaceapersonneedsaroundhimisacultural
仲裁是指当事人双方自愿将纠纷交给仲裁机构进行审查并作出对各方当事人具有约束力的裁决,从而解决争议的一种方法。下列不属于仲裁这一方式的特征的是()。
根据《建设工程质量管理条例》规定,施工单位在施工过程中发现设计文件和图纸有差错的,应当()。
甲委托乙前往丙厂采购男装,乙觉得丙生产的女装市场看好,便自作主张以甲的名义向丙订购。丙未问乙的代理权限,便与之订立了买卖合同。根据《合同法》和《民法通则》的规定,下列选项中,正确的是(),
根据《中华人民共和国宪法》和法律的规定,下列选项中属于民族自治地方的是()。
小王夜跑后回家喝水,往300毫升的杯子中倒入200毫升80°C热水和100毫升20°C凉水,发现依然太烫,无法喝下。于是接下来每次他都将水杯里的水倒去60毫升,加入同等体积的20°C凉水。假设在倒水过程中,水温没有流失,运动后人适宜的饮水温度范围是34?3
在黑、蓝、黄、白四种由深至浅排列的涂料中,一种涂料只能被它自身或者比它颜色更深的涂料所覆盖。若上述断定为真,则以下哪一项确切地概括了能被蓝色覆盖的颜色?Ⅰ.这种颜色不是蓝色。Ⅱ.这种颜色不是黑色。Ⅲ.这种颜色不如蓝色深。
在一个采用(41)数据库体系结构的网络数据库应用系统中,计算机C上运行着DBMS软件和应用程序,并存有所有的用户数据,其余各节点作为终端通过通信线路向计算机C发出数据库应用请求。
最新回复
(
0
)