2. 外语
  3. Although it is intuitively clear that an increase in antipredator behavior lowers an animal’s risk of predation when predators a

Although it is intuitively clear that an increase in antipredator behavior lowers an animal’s risk of predation when predators a

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问题 Although it is intuitively clear that an increase in antipredator behavior lowers an animal’s risk of predation when predators are present, such benefits are not easily demonstrated. One study that did so found that well-fed guppies are more alert for predators and are consequently less likely to be killed than are their hungry counterparts, which feed with greater intensity. It is also well documented that a decrease in activity lowers an animals risk of predation by reducing the probability of being detected or encountered by a predator. This effect was convincingly demonstrated by a study in which it was found that partially anesthetized tadpoles were less likely to be captured by dragonfly larvae than were unanesthetized tadpoles.
It can be inferred that the guppy study and the tadpole study, as they are described in the passage, differed in which of the following ways?
选项 A、The animals less likely to become the victims of predators were the more active ones in the guppy study but were the less active ones in the tadpole study.
B、The animals less likely to become the victims of predators were those more alert to their surroundings in the guppy study but were the less alert ones in the tadpole study.
C、The situation created experimentally for the guppy study would be more likely to occur in the wild than would the situation created for the tadpole study.
答案B,C
解析 Choices B and C are correct. The question asks how the two studies differed.
Choice A is incorrect: In the guppy study, the more likely victims are the hungry gup-pies who "feed with greater intensity" and are, therefore, more active than well-fed guppies.
Choice B is correct: The passage states that "well-fed guppies are more alert for predators and are consequently less likely to be killed" and that "anesthetized," or less alert, tadpoles "were less likely to be captured by dragonfly larvae."
Choice C is correct: In the guppy study the subjects were well fed, while in the tadpole study the subjects were anesthetized; this latter condition is much less unlikely to occur in the wild.
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