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  3. They’re the sort of scores that drive high-school history teachers to drink. When Newsweek recently asked 1 000 US citizens to t

They’re the sort of scores that drive high-school history teachers to drink. When Newsweek recently asked 1 000 US citizens to t

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问题     They’re the sort of scores that drive high-school history teachers to drink. When Newsweek recently asked 1 000 US citizens to take America’s official citizenship test, 29% couldn’t name the vice president. Seventy-three percent couldn’t correctly say why we fought the Cold War. Forty-four percent were unable to define the Bill of Rights. And 6% couldn’t even circle Independence Day on a calendar. Don’t get us wrong: civic ignorance is nothing new. For as long as they’ve existed, Americans have been misunderstanding checks and balances and misidentifying their senators. But the world has changed. And unfortunately, it’s becoming more and more inhospitable to incurious know-nothings—like us.
    To appreciate the risks involved, it’s important to understand where American ignorance comes from. Most experts agree that the relative complexity of the US political system makes it hard for Americans to keep up. In many European countries, parliaments have proportional representation, and the majority party rules without having to "share power with a lot of subnational governments," notes Yale political scientist Jacob Hacker, coauthor of Winner-Take-All Politics. In contrast, we’re saddled with a nonproportional Senates a tangle of state, local, and federal bureaucracies; and near-constant elections for every imaginable office. "Nobody is competent to understand it all, which you realize every time you vote," says Michael Schudson, author of The Good Citizen. "You know you’re going to come up short, and that discourages you from learning more."
    Other factors exacerbate (加重)the situation. A big one, Hacker argues, is the decentralized US education system, which is run mostly by individual states: "When you have more centrally managed curricula, you have more common knowledge and a stronger civic culture." Another hitch is our reliance on market-driven programming rather than public broadcasting, which, according to the European Journal of Communication study, "devotes more attention to public affairs and international news, and fosters greater knowledge in these areas. "
    For more than two centuries, Americans have gotten away with not knowing much about the world around them. But times have changed—and they’ve changed in ways that make civic ignorance a big problem going forward. While isolationism is fine in an isolated society, we can no longer afford to mind our own business. What happens in China and India affects the autoworker in Detroit; what happens in the statehouse and the White House affects the competition in China and India. Before the Internet, brawn was enough; now the information economy demands brains instead. And where we once relied on political institutions to school the middle classes and give them leverage (影响), we now have nothing. "The issue isn’t that people in the past knew a lot more and know less now," says Hacker. "It’s that their ignorance was counterbalanced by denser political organizations."
The author compares the US political system with that in the European countries to______.
选项 A、elaborate on one reason why Americans are ignorant
B、show the US political system is more advanced
C、point out their respective merits and demerits
D、explain the evolution of the political system in history
答案A
解析 细节辨认题。由定位句可知，要理解与无知有关的风险，重要的是先要了解美国人的无知到底源自何处。大多数专家认为，美国相对复杂的政治制度让人难以把握。接着作者把美国和欧洲国家的政治制度作比较，揭示出美国政治制度的复杂性，从而说明美国人无知的原因之一，因此答案为A)。
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