首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
When the public demands "law and order" and when newspapers editorials talk about the "rising tide of crime", they have in mind
When the public demands "law and order" and when newspapers editorials talk about the "rising tide of crime", they have in mind
admin
2009-04-27
47
问题
When the public demands "law and order" and when newspapers editorials talk about the "rising tide of crime", they have in mind mostly street crime committed by the poor. Even the massive report of the President’s Crime Commission, the Challenge of Crime in a Free Society, devoted only two pages to the entire subject of white-collar offenders and business crimes. The deep concern with street crimes is understandable. Unlike a swindler, who merely takes the victim’s money, an armed mugger threatens physical injury and even death. (46)
Yet the fact remains that a great deal of crime in American society—perhaps most crime, and certainly the most costly crime is committed by respectable middle-class and upper-class citizens.
The term "white-collar crime" was first used by Edwin Sutherland in an address to the American Sociological Association in 1939. (47)
"White-collar crime," he declared, "may be defined approximately as a crime committed by a person of respectability and high status in the course of his occupation."
Sutherland documented the existence of this form of crime with a study of the careers of 70 large, reputable corporations, which together had committed 980 violations of the criminal law, or an average of 14 convictions apiece. Behind the offenses of false advertising, unfair labor practices, restraint of trade, price-fixing agreements, stock manipulation, copyright infringement, and outright swindles, were perfectly respectable middle-class executives. (48)
Sociologists now use the term "white-collar crime" to refer not only to crimes committed in the course of business activities for corporate benefit but also to crimes, such as embezzlement, typically committed by persons of high status for personal benefits.
As Sutherland pointed out, the full extent of white-collar crime is difficult to assess. Many corporate malpractices go undetected, and many wealthy people are able to commit crimes like expense-account fraud for years without being found out. (49)
More important, white-collar crimes are usually regarded as somehow less serious than the crimes of the lower class, and they attract less attention from police and prosecutors.
Even the victims may be unwilling to prosecute because of the offender’s "standing in the community" and would rather out of court. A company that finds its safe has been burgled in the night will immediately summon the police, but it might not do so if it finds that one of its executives has embezzled some of its funds. (50)
To avoid unwelcome publicity, the company officials may simply allow the offender to resign after making an arrangement to repay the missing money.
选项
答案
社会学家现在使用"白领犯罪"这个术语,不仅是指那些在商务活动中为本公司利益而犯的罪行,也指那些通常由高层人士为个人利益所犯的诸如盗用公款公物之类的罪行。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Dea4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
JonathanSwiftmadeafamousModestProposalin1729thatthe-babiesoftheIrishpoorshouldbeeatentopreventthemgrowing
Birth,growth,decline,death:itistheusualcycleforpeople,companiesandindustries.Butthestoryofviolin-makinginCre
RunningfortheofficeofthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesisexceptionallyarduousandshouldnotbeundertakenbythe【C1】___
[A]FewerchildrenattendCatholicschoolsnow[B]Changeinhigher-incomefamilieswillleadtochangeofprivateschoolpo
SupposeyouareacollegestudentofPekingUniversityandyouplantoinviteJack,yourbestfriend,topayavisittoyourcam
Imagineaworldinwhichweareassignedanumberthatindicateshowinfluentialweare.Thisnumberwouldhelpdetermine【C1】___
Itiscommonknowledgethathealthyfoodssuchasfruitsandvegetablescontaincertainnutrientsthatpromotegoodhealth—namel
Itiscommonknowledgethathealthyfoodssuchasfruitsandvegetablescontaincertainnutrientsthatpromotegoodhealth—namel
Nottoomanydecadesagoitseemed"obvious"bothtothegeneralpublicandtosociologiststhatmodernsocietyhaschangedpeop
Accordingtothefirstparagraph,NayanChanda______.TowhichofthefollowingstatementwouldChandamostlikelyagree?
随机试题
(2019年临清)《中华人民共和国义务教育法》规定,县级以上地方人民政府有下列哪些行为之一的,可由上级人民政府责令限期改正;情节严重的,对直接负责的主管人员依法给予行政处分()
行政组织内部开展行政活动的规程是()
已知连续函数f(x)满足f(x)=x2+x∫01f(x)dx,则f(x)=().
有关膀胱造瘘的护理,描述错误的是
患者,男性,40岁。因2个月来发热、咳嗽、气短入院。已用青霉素,环丙沙星等治疗2周,症状无缓解并出现发绀。既往有血友病史,多次输血制品。体检:T38.9℃,颈部、腋下可触及直径约1cm左右的淋巴结,光滑无压痛,肺部可闻及湿性哕音。X线胸片显示间质性肺炎,
下列各项中,属于利得的有()。
下列政府对进口贸易的干预措施中,属于非关税壁垒的有()。
习近平指出,领导干部要不忘初心,坚守正道,必须坚定文化自信。没有中华优秀传统文化、革命文化、社会文化先进文化的底蕴和滋养,信仰信念难以深沉而执着。与这段话观点一致的是()
(北京航空航天大学2016年试题)Thefrontmatterofabookconsistsofthetitle,subtitle,tableofcontents,andpreface.Butthe【C1】____
ThoughiPadsandE-readershaveincreasinglybetterscreenclarity,theideathateverytimeapersonreadsabook,newspaperor
最新回复
(
0
)