首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A Very Special Dog A)It is 8:15 a.m. A flight lands at Melbourne’s Tullamarine International Airport. Several hundred pieces of
A Very Special Dog A)It is 8:15 a.m. A flight lands at Melbourne’s Tullamarine International Airport. Several hundred pieces of
admin
2020-06-08
59
问题
A Very Special Dog
A)It is 8:15 a.m. A flight lands at Melbourne’s Tullamarine International Airport. Several hundred pieces of baggage are rushed from the plane onto a conveyor belt in the baggage reclaim annexe. Over the sound of roaring engines, rushing air vents and grinding generators, a dog barks. Florence, a sleek black labrador, wags her tail.
B)Among the cavalcade of luggage passing beneath Florence’ s all-smelling nose, is a nondescript hardback suitcase. Inside the case, within styrofoam casing, packed in loose pepper and coffee, wrapped in freezer paper and heat-sealed in plastic, are 18 kilograms of hashish.
C)The cleverly concealed drugs don’t fool super-sniffer Florence, and her persistent scratching at the case alerts her handler. Florence is one of a truly new breed: the product of what is perhaps the only project in the world dedicated to breeding dogs solely to detect drugs. Ordinary dogs have a 0.1% chance of making it in drug detection. The new breeding programme, run by the Australian Customs, is so successful that more than 50% of its dogs make the grade.
D)And what began as a wholly practical exercise in keeping illegal drugs out of Australia may end up playing a role in an entirely different sphere—the comparatively esoteric world of neurobiology. It turns out that it’ s not Florence’ s nose that makes her a top drug dog, but her unswerving concentration, plus a few other essential traits.
E)Florence could help neurobiologists to understand both what they call "attention processing", the brain mechanisms that determine what a person pays attention to and for how long, and its flip side, problems such as Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD). As many as 3 to 5% of children are thought to suffer from the condition in the US, where the incidence is highest, although diagnosis is often controversial.
F)The Australian Customs has used dogs to find drugs since 1969. Traditionally, the animals came from pounds and private breeders. But, in 1993, fed up with the poor success rate of finding good dogs this way, John Vandeloo, senior instructor with the Detector Dog Unit, joined forces with Kath Champness, then a doctoral student at the University of Melbourne, and set up a breeding programme.
G)Champness began by defining six essential traits that make a detector dog. First, every good detector dog must love praise because this is the only tool trainers have at their disposal, but the dog must still be able to work for long periods without it.
H)Then it needs a strong hunting instinct and the stamina to keep sniffing at the taxing rate of around 300 times per minute. The ideal detector is also fearless enough to deal with jam-packed airport crowds and the roaring engine rooms of cargo ships.
I)The remaining two traits are closely related and cognitive in nature. A good detector must be capable of focusing on the task of searching for drugs, despite the distractions in any airport or dockside. This is what neurobiologists call "selective attention". And finally, with potentially tens of thousands of hiding places for drugs, the dog must persevere and maintain focus for hours at a time. Neurobiologists call this "sustained attention".
J)Vandeloo and Champness assess the dogs’ abilities to concentrate by marking them on a scale of between one and five according to how well they remain focused on a toy tossed into a patch of grass.
K)Ivan scores a feeble one. He follows the toy, gets half-way there, then becomes distracted by places where the other dogs have been or by flowers in the paddock. Rowena, on the other hand, has phenomenal concentration; some might even consider her obsessive. When Vandeloo tosses the toy, nothing can distract her from the searching, not other dogs, not food. And even if no one is around to encourage her, she keeps looking just the same. Rowena gets a five.
L)A person’s ability to pay attention, like a dog’s, depends on a number of overlapping cognitive behaviours, including memory and learning—the neurobiologist’ s attention processing.
M)Attention in humans can be tested by asking subjects to spot colours on a screen while ignoring shapes, or to spot sounds while ignoring visual cues, or to take a ’vigilance test’. Sitting a vigilance test is like being a military radar operator. Blips appear on a cluttered monitor infrequently and at irregular intervals. Rapid detection of all blips earns a high score. Five minutes into the test, one in ten subjects will start to miss the majority of the blips, one in ten will still be able to spot nearly all of them and the rest will come somewhere in between.
N)Vigilance tasks provide signals that are infrequent and unpredictable—which is exactly what is expected of the dogs when they are asked to notice just a few odour molecules in the air, and then to home in on the source. During a routine mail screen that can take hours, the dogs stay so focused that not even a postcard lined with 0.5 grams of heroin and hidden in a bulging sack of letters escapes detection.
O)With the current interest in attentional processing, as well as human conditions that have an attention deficit component, such as ADHD, it is predicted that it is only a matter of time before the super-sniffer dogs attract the attention of neurobiologists trying to cure these conditions.
The reason why Rowena received five scores is that she still continues to work without encouragement.
选项
答案
K
解析
根据关键词“Rowena”定位于K段,最后一、二句“And even if no one isaround to encourage her,she keeps looking just the same.Rowena gets a five.”即使没人在旁边鼓励她,她仍然继续像往常一样寻找。Rowena得了5分。题干意思与原文相符,Rowena得5分的原因是她在没有鼓励的情况下仍然继续工作。所以,正确答案是K。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/I9P7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Theincreaseinglobaltrademeansthatinternationalcompaniescannotaffordtomakecostlyadvertisingmistakesiftheywantt
Throughouthistorymanhasobservedsuchnaturalcyclesastherisingandsettingofthesun,theebbandflowoftheoceantide
A、Darkerskinnedpeople.B、lighterskinnedpeople.C、Theoldagedpeople.D、Peoplelivinginthenorth.B短文提到,深色皮肤的人比浅色皮肤的人产生的维生
A、Nothingbutthedarkness.B、Firefliesblinkingeverywhere.C、Aworldoflightinganimals.D、Wreckageofancientships.C录音开头演讲
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonAlbertEinstein’sremark"Ihavenospecialtalents.I
A、Toomanyanimalseatingtheplantsinonesmallarea.B、Plantingtoomuchvegetationinonesmallarea.C、Toomanypeoplebuil
WhyIBecameaTeacher:toPassonMyLoveofLiteratureA)Likelotsofpeople,IneverthoughtI’dbeateacherwhenIwasat
A、Theyareavailableatmostcountryfairs.B、Theyaretakeninrelativelyhighdosage.C、Theyarecollectedorgrownbyfarmers
A、Seeiftherewillbechancesforpromotion.B、Findoutwhatjobchoicesareavailable.C、Watchafilmaboutwaysofjobhuntin
A、TheclasshasbeenassignedtoreaditinEnglish.B、HewasabletoreaditinFrench.C、Heisn’tsureit’savailableinEng
随机试题
审计机关拥有________、________、________、__________和________。
如何理解“基本与国际接轨”的含义?
可以按设计阶段和施工阶段委托监理单位的是( )模式下的监理模式。
商业银行应对信息科技风险管理进行内部审计和外部审计。()
民事纠纷的解决制度中具有公权性的是()。
42,40,37,32,25,(),1
WiFi依赖看不见的无线电波传输,设备功率越来越大,局部电磁辐射势必增强;无线信号穿墙而过,网络信息不安全。这些安全隐患,在LiFi中“一扫而光”。光谱比无线电频谱大10000倍,意味着更大的带宽和更高的速度,网络设置又几乎不需要任何新的基础设施。LiFi
将考生文件夹下CHU文件夹中的文件JIANG.TMP删除。
A、Ajournalreportingthelatestprogressinphysics.B、Anintroductorycourseofmodernphysics.C、Anoccasionforphysicistst
Whentoday’scollegegraduatesgettogetherforareunionsomeday,theymaydecidetodoitbycomputer.That’sbecauserightno
最新回复
(
0
)