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  3. [A] The research was based on responses to the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (Elsa)—which gathers data from a representati

[A] The research was based on responses to the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (Elsa)—which gathers data from a representati

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问题    [A] The research was based on responses to the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (Elsa)—which gathers data from a representative sample of men and women aged 50 and over—in 2008/9 and 2010/11.
   [B] The report says that alcohol consumption is growing among older people in England. By contrast, the proportion of British adults saying they do not drink and the proportion who say they binge-drank have both fallen.
   [C] Alcohol Concern’s chief executive Jackie Ballard said: "Harmful drinking is a real issue for middle-aged and older people, many of whom are regularly drinking above recommended limits, often in their own homes. These are the people who, if they develop alcohol related illnesses, tend to require the most complex and expensive health care due to the mental and physical problems caused by drinking too much. Unless society starts to take this seriously and acknowledges the health problems and the cost to society which too much alcohol can cause, the situation will only get worse."
   [D] Age UK’s chief economist, Professor Jose Iparraguirre, author of the research, published in online journal BMJ Open, writes: "Our findings suggest that harmful drinking in later life is more prevalent among people who exhibit a lifestyle associated with affluence and with a ’successful’ ageing process. Harmful drinking may then be a hidden health and social problem in otherwise successful older people. Consequently, and based on our results, we recommend the explicit incorporation of alcohol drinking levels and patterns into the successful ageing paradigm."
   [E] Income was also associated with higher risk, but only for women. Neither being depressed or lonely were linked to increased risk of harmful drinking, although being single, separated or divorced was, although only for men. Analysis of the responses showed that the risk of harmful drinking peaked for men in their early 60s and then gradually tailed off, whereas for women risky drinking fell as they aged. Iparraguirre suggested that the current group of over 50s may be carrying on levels of higher consumption, developed in their younger years, into later life.
   [F] People over 50 who are healthy, active, sociable and highly educated are at more risk of harmful drinking than their less well-off peers, according to research. A study of more than 9,000 people has concluded that drinking among the over-50s is a hidden "middle class" phenomenon, which should be targeted with explicit age-specific guidelines on consumption.
   [G] Iparraguirre found that reporting better health and higher educational attainment were positively associated with an increased risk of harmful drinking. "Because this group is typically healthier than other parts of the older population, they might not realise that what they are doing is putting their health in danger," he said.
   [H] The study used national guidance on drinking, which says that consumption of 22 units or over for men, or 15 units or over for women, carries "increasing risk" or, if over 50 or 35 units respectively, "higher risk". The Royal College of Psychiatrists has previously said that there should be a separate recommended safe drinking limit for over-65s of 1.5 units of alcohol a day.
   
选项
答案D
解析 本题在F和A之间。F讲一项研究的发现，A介绍这项研究的调查数据的出处，即Elsa的调查对象的回答。F和A均在介绍这项研究的相关信息，推测本题应该还是在对这项研究进行介绍，而不与A中Elsa的调查报告有关。首先，文章里提到人名Iparraguirre的有D、E和G，而D，出现全名并且对该人名进行了详细介绍，因此D应该排在E、G之前，故排除E、G。其次，文章里谈到consumption的是B和H，B为固定段落。H与B有相同话题，应该靠近B的位置，位于文中靠后部分。C指出饮酒过量对中老年人群的危害，并在段落最后提出建议，具有总结的特点，在文章一开头便指出危害以呼吁社会要对这个问题予以重视，不符合首段行文特点，C也排除。D介绍这项研究的作者，并援引其所说的话来承接F的内容，继续讨论这项研究的结果以及基于研究结果的建议，D与F逻辑联系紧密，故答案选D。
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