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In an initiative to speed treatments for wounded soldiers, the U.S. Department of Defense(DOD)is entering the fast-growing field

admin2015-03-25  39
问题     In an initiative to speed treatments for wounded soldiers, the U.S. Department of Defense(DOD)is entering the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine. Over the next 5 years, at least $250 million will be tunneled into two university-led consortia that compose the new Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine(AFIRM), DOD announced last week.
    AFIRM will focus on regrowing severed fingers, recreating shattered bones, reconstructing mutilated faces, and covering burn victims with genetically matched skin. "We hope to get products into patients within 5 years," says tissue engineer Anthony Atala of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, co-director of one consortium led by Wake Forest and the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania.
    Last year, Atala reported isolating from amniotic fluid highly versatile stem cells, which are likely to figure prominently in the new technologies. Embryonic stem cells or their equivalents aren’t in the mix here. Rather, says Atala, the focus is on getting rapidly to the clinic, using cells that can get quick Food and Drug Administration approval.
    DOD decide 2 years ago that it was time to make a major commitment to regenerative medicine treatments, largely at the instigation of dental researcher Robert Vandre, director of combat casualty care research at the U. S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command at Fort De-trick, Maryland. Vandre says he originally managed to round up a commitment for $8.5 million a year, including $500,000 a year from the U. S. National Institutes of Health(NIH). Then after receiving competitive proposals for a single consortium, he got a call "out of the blue" from the White House, which ended up telling DOD to double the funding from $42.5 million to $85 million over 5 years. That made it possible to fund two consortia that had come in neck-and-neck in the competition. Vandre, who is AFIRM’s DOD manager, says the 5-year total should top $265 million, including $80 million in public and private funds to match DOD’s input and some $100 million in NIH grants already held by researchers in the consortia’s 28 researchgroups.
    A top priority will be engineered skin that can be quickly grown to treat burn victims. Atala points out that at present there is " no real skin replacement" because skin grafts from cadavers are prone to rejection; supply is also short. One of the earliest fruits of the venture may be a method to grow a patient’s own skin rapidly enough to use as a graft for life-threatening burns. Ultimately, says chemist Joachim Kohn of Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, co-head of the other consortium, led by Rutgers and the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio, "you could take a skin sample from every soldier in danger zones and store it" so that the moment a soldier is injured, people back at the Army medical center in San Antonio, Texas, could start growing a graft.
According to Atala,
选项 A、the Embryonic stems are mixture.
B、the cells have been used in the clinic.
C、using the cells has not been permitted now.
D、amniotic fluid is versatile stem cells.
答案C
解析 推理判断题。在第二段和第三段中Atala都发表了看法，根据选项内容定位到第三段，根据该段最后一句using cells that can get quick Food and Drug Administration approval可知，使用这种细胞将很快得到批准，而现在还没有得到批准，故[C]正确。同时排除[B]；由原文Embryonicstem cells…aren’t in the mix here排除[A]；由原文可知amniotic fluid(羊水)并非stem cells，故排除[D]。
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