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  3. In the USA, 85% of the population over the age of 21 approve of the death penalty. In the many states which still have the death

In the USA, 85% of the population over the age of 21 approve of the death penalty. In the many states which still have the death

admin2005-06-26  114
问题     In the USA, 85% of the population over the age of 21 approve of the death penalty. In the many states which still have the death penalty, some use the electric chair, which can take up to 20 minutes to kill, while others use gas or lethal injection.
    The first of these was the case of Ruth Ellis who was hanged for shooting her lover in what was generally regarded as a crime of passion. The second was hanged for murders which, it was later proved, had been committed by someone else.
    The pro-hanging lobby(赞成极刑的活动集团)uses four main arguments to support its call for the reintroduction of capital punishment. First there is the deterrence theory, which argues that potential murderers would think twice before committing the act if they knew that they might die if they were caught. The armed bank robber might, likewise, go back to being unarmed.
    The other two arguments are more suspect. The idea of retribution demands that criminals should get what they deserve: if a murderer intentionally set out to commit a crime, he should accept the consequences. Retribution, which is just another word for revenge, is supported by the religious doctrine of an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.
    The arguments against the death penalty are largely humanitarian(人道主义的). But there are also statistical reasons for opposing it: the deterrence figures do not add up. In Britain, 1903 was the record year for executions and yet in 1904 the number of murders actually rose. There was a similar occurrence in 1946 and 1947. If the deterrence theory were correct, the rate should have fallen.
    The other reasons to oppose the death penalty are largely a matter of individual conscience and belief. One is that murder is murder and the state has no more right to take a life than the individual. The other is that Christianity advises forgiveness, not revenge.
According to the first four paragraphs, which of the following statements is NOT correct?
选项 A、Ruth Ellis was shot by her lover, which was regarded as a crime of passion.
B、The death penalty may help the potential murderers to arouse moral awareness.
C、The intentional murderer should eat his own bitter fruit.
D、According to the religious doctrine, punishment should be as severe as the injury suffered.
答案A
解析 文章第二段“The first of these was the case of Ruth Ellis who was hanged for shooting her lover in what was generally regarded as a crime of passion．”第一个执行死刑的案例是鲁思·艾利丝案，她因为枪杀了自己的爱人而被处以绞刑，通常这种犯罪被看成是“情感犯罪”。可见是她枪杀了她的爱人，而不是她被她的爱人所杀。所以A项不正确。文章第三段中的威慑理论讲到，潜在的杀人犯如果知道他们被捕后可能被判处死刑，那么他们在犯罪前会三思的。可见B项正确。第四段“if a murderer intentionally set out to commit a crime，he should accept the consequences．”如果一名杀人犯故意去犯罪，那么他就应该承担由此产生的后果。可见C项也正确。第四段中提到了宗教训导的观点支持报应学说，即“以牙还牙，以眼还眼”。可见D项也正确。所以本题的正确答案为A。
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