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  3. High-speed ground transportation(HSGT)technologies with vehicle speeds exceeding 150 mph can be divided into two basic categorie

High-speed ground transportation(HSGT)technologies with vehicle speeds exceeding 150 mph can be divided into two basic categorie

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问题 High-speed ground transportation(HSGT)technologies with vehicle speeds exceeding 150 mph can be divided into two basic categories;
High-speed rail(HSR)systems, with top speeds between 150 and 200 mph, use steel wheels on steel rails, as with traditional railroads, but can achieve higher speeds because of the design of both the rail bed and cars.
High-speed magnetic levitation(MAGLEV)systems, with top speeds between 250 and 300 mph, use forces of attraction or repulsion from powerful magnets placed in either the vehicle or the guideway beneath it both to lift the vehicle above the guideway and to propel it forward. A MAGLEV vehicle can be likened to a flying train or a guided aircraft.
If linked effectively with highways and air service, HSGT technologies—particularly MAGLEV— could have a significant impact on congestion in the future.
When comparing HSR with MAGLEV technologies, MAGLEV appears to be the technology of choice. Though the new generation of HSR technology can reach commercial speeds of up to 186 mph, additional increases in speed pose great engineering problems, suggesting that rail transportation is a mature technology. MAGLEV technology, on the other hand, is in its infancy and will improve substantially with additional engineering.
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答案 车速超过每小时150英里的高速地面交通系统技术，基本上可以分为两类： 一种是最高速度每小时150～200英里的高速铁路系统，与传统铁路一样，在钢轨上用钢轮。但是由于铁轨路床和车厢的设计，可以达到更高的速度。 另一个是高速磁悬浮系统，最高速度每小时250—300英里，利用安装在列车内或者下面导轨内强大磁铁的吸引力或斥力，把列车抬起来，悬浮在导轨上，推动列车前进。磁悬浮列车可以比作飞行的列车或制导的飞机。 若同公路运输和空中运输有效地连接起来，那么高速地面交通技术，特别是磁悬浮技术，对解决未来的交通拥挤可能发挥重大作用。 若将高速铁路技术同磁悬浮技术作比较，磁悬浮似乎是首选。虽然新一代的高速铁路技术能够达到每小时186英里的商业速度，但是要额外提高速度就会面临许多工程方面的问题，这表明，铁路运输已经是一种成熟的技术。反之，磁悬浮技术则尚处于幼年阶段，将会随着工程技术的发展大大改善。
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