首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A、They do more harm than good. B、They have often been ignored. C、They do not help build friendship. D、They may not always be neg
A、They do more harm than good. B、They have often been ignored. C、They do not help build friendship. D、They may not always be neg
admin
2019-03-08
81
问题
"Stereotype" may sound like a bad word, but there’s nothing bad about it. For one thing, stereotypes are often accurate. When you ask people about their concept of stereotypes, they get it pretty much right. Also, stereotypes are often positive, particularly of groups that we ourselves belong to. Some of the statistical generalizations may be positive as some groups have reputations for being smart, for being loyal, for being brave, for all sorts of things that are not at all negative. And so there’s nothing inherently wrong about stereotypes.
But there are problems with stereotypes. For one thing, they’re reliable insofar as they’re based on unbiased samples. But a lot of the information we get about human groups is through biased sources like how they’re represented in the media. And if these sources don’t give you an accurate depiction, your stereotype won’t be accurate.
For example, many Jews have been troubled by Shakespeare’s depiction of Shylock. If the only Jew you know is Shakespeare’s Shylock, it’s going to be a very bad impression. So one problem with stereotypes is while we are good at drawing conclusions from them, often our information isn’t reliable.
A second problem is that stereotypes, regardless of whether or not they’re accurate, can have a negative effect on the people that they apply to. And this is what psychologist, Claude Steele, described as stereotype threat. He has a vivid example of this. Here’s how to make African-Americans do worse on a math test. You have the test and you put on the test that they have to identify their race. The very act of acknowledging that they are African-Americans when given a test ignites in them thoughts of their own stereotype which is negative regarding academics and that makes them do worse. Want to know how to make a woman do worse on a math test? Same thing, get her to write down her sex.
One recent study found a sort of clever twist on this. When Asian-American women are given a test and they’re asked to mark down their race, they do better than they would otherwise do. They’re reminded of a positive stereotype that boosts their morale. You ask them, on the other hand, to mark down their sex, they do worse because they’re reminded of a negative stereotype. That’s an example of how stereotypes have a potentially damaging effect on people.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19. What does the speaker say about stereotypes?
20. What leads to the bias of stereotypes?
21. What does the speaker say is a problem with stereotypes?
22. What did one recent study find about stereotypes?
选项
A、They do more harm than good.
B、They have often been ignored.
C、They do not help build friendship.
D、They may not always be negative.
答案
D
解析
讲座开头讲话者指出,虽然“固有印象”听起来是个贬义词,但其实并非如此。接下来,讲话人给出了这一说法的依据,说明有些固有印象是正面的,有些固有印象其实还十分准确。之后又话锋一转,指出固有印象也确实有些问题。因此答案为D)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/04H7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Amidallthejoblosses,there’sonecategoryofworkerthattheeconomicdisruptionhasbeengoodfornonhumans.Fromself-
A、Everyoneshouldadmitthattheyhaveenemies.B、Humblepeoplehavefewerenemies.C、Itisterribletohaveenemies.D、Generous
Mostofusareacutelyawareofhowmuchmobiledataweconsumeonourphonesandtablets.That’sbecauseAmericansarelargely
ReportingFromtheWeb’sUnderbellyA)Inthelastyear,EasternEuropeancybercriminalshavestolenBrianKrebs’sidentitya
A、BecauseCO2accountsfor65percentofclimatechange.B、BecausethelevelofCO2emissionshasreachedarecordhigh.C、Becau
A、Becausetheyprovethedirecteffectofreductionintelevisionviewing.B、Becausetheyshowthegreatimportanceofphysical
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledAttendParents’MeetingwithaGoodImage.
Aristotledefinedafriendas"asinglesouldwellingintwobodies".Howmanyfriendswehave,andhoweasilywemake,maintain
A、ThosewhoarefromAmericaandEurope.B、Thosewhodefendtherighttosmoke.C、Thosewhorespectothers’feelings.D、Thosewh
TheInvisibleFuelProvidesEnsuranceforEnergySecurityintheFutureA)Whenenergyeconomistsgazeintotheircrystalballst
随机试题
Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothet
诊断急进性肾小球肾炎最有价值的指标是
男孩,春节生于内蒙古呼盟牧区,现为生后第6天,不明原因出现高热。查体:臀部软组织广泛红肿、稍硬,中央区皮肤暗红,有“漂浮”感。最可能的诊断是
A.乳糜微粒 B.三酰甘油 C.胆固醇 D.高密度脂蛋白(HDL) E.极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)可转化为类固醇激素的是()。
2005年全国第三次口腔流行病学调查结果显示某城市12岁儿童DMFT为2,当地饮水氟浓度为0.1mg/L。卫生行政部门在讨论防治对策时,专家提出了全身用氟防龋的建议。要取得最佳防龋效果,开始饮用氟化水的时期是
当事人订立房屋抵押合同,未经登记,不产生法律效力。()
2009年3月,美国汤姆公司与中国天元公司订立合同,约定汤姆公司以现金、机器设备和专有技术作价800万美元出资,天元公司以现金、场地使用权、厂房作价200万美元出资,在中国上海设立一家中外合资经营企业。(1)汤姆公司由合营企业提供担保向银行贷款2
数据库管理系统能实现对数据库中数据的查询、插入、修改和删除,这类功能是由数据库管理系统中的______完成。
对一类相似对象的性质描述的是
A、ThesilkT-shirtinwhitecolor.B、ThecottonT-shirtwithasloganorpicture.C、ThenylonT-shirtwornonplayground.
最新回复
(
0
)