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  3. Teachers in the United States earn less relative to national income than their counterparts in many industrialized countries, ye

Teachers in the United States earn less relative to national income than their counterparts in many industrialized countries, ye

admin2016-11-13  60
问题     Teachers in the United States earn less relative to national income than their counterparts in many industrialized countries, yet they spend far more hours in front of the classroom, according to a major new international study.
    The salary differentials are part of a pattern of relatively low public investment in education in the United States compared with other member nations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), a group in Paris that compiled the report. Total government spending on educational institutions in the United States slipped to 4.8 percent of gross domestic production in 1998, falling under the international average 5 percent-for the first time.
    "The whole economy has grown faster than the education systems," Andreas Schleicher, one of the report’s authors explained. "The economy has done very well, but teachers have not fully benefited."
    The report, due out today, is the sixth on education published since 1991 by the organization of 30 nations, founded in 1960, and now covering much of Europe, North America, Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the teacher pay gap, the report shows the other countries have begun to catch up with the United States in higher education: college enrollment has grown by 20 percent since 1995 across the group, with one in four young people now earning degrees. For the first time, the United States college graduation rate, now at 33 percent, is not the world highest. Finland, the Netherlands, New Zealand and Britain have surpassed it.
    The United States is also producing fewer mathematics and science graduates than most of the other member states. And, the report says, a college degree produces a greater boost in income here while the lack of a high school diploma imposes a bigger income penalty.
    "The number of graduates is increasing, but that stimulates even more of a demand—there is no end in sight," Mr. Schleicher said, "The demand for skill, clearly, is growing faster than the supply that is coming from schools and colleges."
    The report lists the salary for a high school teacher in the United States with 15 years experiences as $36,219, above the international average of $31,887 but behind seven other countries and less than 60 percent of Switzerland’s $62,052. Because teachers in the United States have a heavier classroom load, teaching almost a third more hours than their counterparts abroad, their salary per hour of actual teaching, $35, is less than the international average of $41 (Denmark, Spain and Germany pay more than $50 per teaching hour, South Korea $77).
"The whole economy has grown faster than the education systems" in Paragraph 3 indicates that
选项 A、teachers in the U.S. have not got enough profits from the economy.
B、U.S. government has been spending less money on education systems.
C、the education systems develop at a lower speed than the economy.
D、the development of education systems has encountered severe problems.
答案A
解析 根据题干直接定位到第3段。本句的意思是“整个经济的发展速度快于教育系统的发展速度。”这是施莱赫的话。本来经济和教育发展很难用实际数据进行比较，但他紧接着又做出了解释：“经济发展得不错，可教师并未从中充分受益。”由此可见，A为本题答案。句子的隐含意义一般可以在上下文的叙述中找到答案，通过文中标志性词语explained可知，本句与教师的待遇有关。通过这样的分析可以看出，B、C、D都不是对原句意思的正确理解，可排除。
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