2. 考研
  3. In the 20th century the planet’s population doubled twice. It will not double even once in the【C1】________century, because birth

In the 20th century the planet’s population doubled twice. It will not double even once in the【C1】________century, because birth

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问题     In the 20th century the planet’s population doubled twice. It will not double even once in the【C1】________century, because birth rates in much of the world have【C2】________steeply. But the number of people over 65 is set to【C3】________within just 25 years. This shift in the structure of the population is not as momentous as the【C4】________that came before. But it is more than enough to reshape the world economy.
    【C5】________the UN’s population【C6】________, the standard source for demographic estimates, there are around 600m people aged 65 or older【C7】________today. That is in itself remarkable; the author Fred Pearce claims it is【C8】________that half of all the humans who have ever been over 65 are alive today. But【C9】________a share of the total population, at 8％, it is not that【C10】________to what it was a few decades ago.
    By 2035,【C11】________, more than 1. 1 billion people—13％ of the population—will be above the age of 65. This is a【C12】________result of the dropping birth rates that are slowing overall population growth; they mean there are proportionally【C13】________young people around. The "old-age dependency ratio"—the ratio of old people to those of working age—will【C14】________even faster. In 2010 the world had 16 people aged 65 and over for every 100 adults between the ages of 25 and 64,【C15】________the same ratio it had in 1980. By 2035 the UN【C16】________that number to have risen to 26.
    In rich countries it will be much higher. Japan will have 69 old people for every 100 of working age by 2035, Germany 66.【C17】________America, which has a relatively high【C18】________rate, will see its old-age dependency rate rise by more than 70％, to 44. Developing countries,【C19】________today’s ratio is much lower, will not see absolute levels rise that high;【C20】________the proportional growth will be higher. Over the same time period the old-age dependency rate in China will more than double from 15 to 36. Latin America will see a shift from 14 to 27.
【C4】
选项 A、expansion
B、extent
C、diffusion
D、confusion
答案A
解析 名词辨析题。A项expansion扩展，增加；B项extent程度；C项diffusion扩散；D项confusion混淆，困惑。本句大意是：人口结构的改变不像之前的________那么影响深远。其中原文的before指的是第一句提到的“20世纪”，故这里指的是“20世纪的人口增长”，能够表示“人口增长”的是A项。
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