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  3. Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sp

Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sp

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问题    Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure boats dance into view.
   The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.
   The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears—clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World War Ⅱthese wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans, Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.
   By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the "life-enriching" level. While the other levels inv61ve physical satisfaction the feeling, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body-this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called "luxury" items. Among them are vacation trips, the best .medical and dental care, and entertainment. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.
   On the fourth level, a greater percentage of consumers spending goes to service, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increase, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?
   A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱmost Americans______.
选项 A、were very rich
B、live in poverty
C、had the good things on the first three levels
D、did not own automobiles
答案D
解析 本题考查推理判断。第三段最后三句“到二次大战为上，这些，需要(clothing and shelter)对于绝大多数美国人来说都已得到满足，然后出现了第三层次的需求，包括汽车，新的住房等项目的需要。”因而可推测到二战时，大多数美国人都没有汽车。
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