2. 考研
  3. A set of genes play a role in learning to read and do math, but this ability is not just gene-driven,【C1】________schooling and h

A set of genes play a role in learning to read and do math, but this ability is not just gene-driven,【C1】________schooling and h

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问题     A set of genes play a role in learning to read and do math, but this ability is not just gene-driven,【C1】________schooling and help from parents are also vital【C2】________.
    Early mathematical ability and literacy are known to【C3】________in some families, but the genes【C4】________affect this have until now been【C5】________unknown.
    Scientists looked into a data pool called the Twins Early Development Study, which【C6】________12-year-olds from nearly 2,800 British families.
    The team compared twins and【C7】________children to see how they【C8】________in tests for maths and reading comprehension, and then matched the children’s genomes.
    Between 10 percent and half of the genes in-volved in reading were also involved in math, they found, and tiny variants in these【C9】________genes influence skill level.
    【C10】________it’s also clear how important our life experience is in making us better at one or the other. It’s this complex【C11】________of nature and nurture as we grow up【C12】________shapes who we are.
    Professor Robert Plomin said the study was the first to estimate the【C13】________from DNA alone on learning ability.
    But, he stressed, the genetic valiants that were identified were not【C14】________"literacy or numeracy" genes.
    【C15】________they formed part of a more complex mechanism in which many genes each【C16】________a small, but combined, effect on learning ability.
    "Children differ【C17】________in how easy or difficult they find learning, and we need to recognize and【C18】________these individual differences," said Plomin.
    "Heritability does not【C19】________that anything is set in stone—it just means it may take more effort from parents, schools and teachers to【C20】________the child up to speed."  
【C13】
选项 A、damage
B、impact
C、instruction
D、evolution
答案B
解析 Plomin教授对他们所做的研究做了一个小概括，即“该研究首次评估了仅DNA对学习能力的________”。结合下文倒数第三段的in which many genes each ________a small，but combined，effect on learning ability，可推断空格处填入跟effect近义的同。B项impact“影响”符合要求。原文并未讲到基因对学习能力的破坏，因此A项damage“破坏”可排除。由第一段首句的A set of genes play a role in learning to read and do math可看出基因只是起作用，非C项所言的“指导、说明”作用。D项evolution“进化”代入空格，句意不通顺。
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