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  3. A new study shows a relationship between fast walking and life expectancy. For this study, researchers looked at walking speed a

A new study shows a relationship between fast walking and life expectancy. For this study, researchers looked at walking speed a

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问题     A new study shows a relationship between fast walking and life expectancy. For this study, researchers looked at walking speed and other health factors for almost 35,000 older adults. They followed the participants for up to 20 years. Dr. Stephanie Studenski at the University of Pittsburgh led the study.
    "Your walking speed is a reflection of just how well many of your body’s systems are doing," noted Studenski.
    By timing walking speed and using the longevity charts, doctors can provide better care for their patients. For example, most doctors don’t screen patients older than 70 for prostate cancer. But if a man is otherwise healthy and energetic, and expected to live at least 10 more years, he might benefit from the screening. For those who are less healthy, doctors could look for ways to improve their health and quality of life.
    Dr. Studenski says the charts, while good, however, are not always indicators of longevity. Some people in good health just prefer to walk slowly.
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答案一项新的研究显示了快步走和长寿之间的关系。在这项研究中，研究人员观察了大约3．5万名老年人的走路速度和其他健康因素。他们追踪观察了20年。匹兹堡大学的Stephanie Studenski博士是这项研究的负责人。他说：“你走路的速度反映出身体许多系统的健康状况。”通过行走速度和参照长寿图，医生可以为病人提供更好的医疗照顾。例如，大部分医生不会对年逾70的病人作前列腺癌的扫描检查。但是如果一个人健康并且充满活力，预计至少还可以再活10年，扫描检查对他可能就有好处。而对于不那么健康的人，医生也可以设法改善他们的健康状况和生活质量。不过，Studenski博士说，长寿图虽然有参考作用，但未必总是能作为长寿指标。因为有些身体健康的人愿意慢慢地走。
解析 第一段第一句：A new study shows a relationship between fast walking and life expectancy．一项研究显示了一种关系，什么样的关系呢?就是后面提到的快走和长寿之间的关系。所以本句翻译为：一项新的研究显示了快步走和长寿之间的关系。第一段第二句：For this study，researchers looked at walking speed and other health factors for almost 35，000 older adults．翻译时要注意英语和汉语的顺序是不一样的，在汉语中我们要先说研究的对象是谁，所以翻译的时候得先说对象“3．5万名老年人”。本句翻译为：在这项研究中，研究人员观察了大约3．5万名老年人的走路速度和其他健康因素。第二段： “Your walking speed is a reflection of just how well many of your body’s systems are doing，”noted Studenski．reflection是个名词，这符合英语的表达习惯，但是当我们翻译为汉语时要把它变成动词，how引导的是一个宾语从句，是of的宾语。所以这句翻译为：studenski说：“你走路的速度反映出身体许多系统的健康状况。”第三段第一句：By timing walking speed and using the longevity charts，doctors canprovide better care for their patients．by+doing表示“通过……的方式”，翻译为：通过步行速度和参照长寿图；provide sth．for sb.表示为某人提供某物，翻译为：医生可以为病人提供更好的医疗照顾。本句翻译为：通过行走速度和参照长寿图，医生可以为病人提供更好的医疗照顾。第三段第二句：For example，most doctors don’t screen patients older than 70 for prostate cancer．这句话主要是对两个词的考查：screen当动词讲时是“拍摄，放映”的意思，这里指对病人进行扫描检查；prostate cancer表示“前列腺癌”。所以本句翻译为；例如，大部分医生不会对年逾70的病人作前列腺癌的扫描检查。第三段第三句：But if a man is otherwise healthy and energetic，and expected to live at least 10 more years，he might benefit from the screening．but表示转折，if引导一个条件状语从句。本句翻译为：但是如果一个人健康并且充满活力，预计至少还可以再活10年，扫描检查对他可能就有好处。第三段第四句：For those who are less healthy，doctors could look for ways toimprove their heahh and quality of life．这个句子中出现了一个定语从句，由who引导，它指代those。本句翻译为：而对于不那么健康的人，医生也可以设法改善他们的健康状况和生活质量。第四段：Dr．Studenski says the charts，while good，however，are not always indicators of longevity．Some people in good health just prefer to walk slowly．however放在了句中，但是翻译的时候要把它放在句首，与上一段形成一个对比；while good中while表示“虽然，即使”，它是插入语，与上一段说的优点构成对比；所以这段翻译为：不过，Studenski博士说，长寿图虽然有参考作用，但未必总是能作为长寿指标。因为有些身体健康的人愿意慢慢地走。
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