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  3. Cancer of the lung is still the leading cause of cancer death in men and women worldwide, and although its incidence in men may

Cancer of the lung is still the leading cause of cancer death in men and women worldwide, and although its incidence in men may

admin2021-10-20  40
问题     Cancer of the lung is still the leading cause of cancer death in men and women worldwide, and although its incidence in men may be falling in the UK, in much of the world it is rising in both sexes. The first cigarettes had been rolled by soldiers in the Turkish-Egyptian war more than 90 years before the first of the two world wars that popularized smoking. Between 1938 and 1948 lung cancer increased five times faster than other cancers, but these statistics were no match for the impact of Hollywood stars smoking in films. By this time women were smoking almost as much as men.
    There are two main types of lung cancer, determined by the type of cell involved—small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. Around 75% of cases are of the non-small cell variety, the standard small cell lung cancers account for 20% and a few rarer types of lung cancer complete the balance. About 90% of all lung cancer cases can be attributed to smoking. The outcome is still not good. The five-year survival rate in those with lung cancer is approximately 15%.
    Depending on the type of cancer, surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be used, but if the cancer has not spread, the first line of treatment is usually surgery. If the tumor has spread, either radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both may be used, sometimes in combination.
    The choice of treatment will depend on the type of cell forming the cancer and the extent of its growth. Advanced non-small cell cancer is usually treated with chemotherapy and in these cases radiotherapy is used for symptomatic treatment. Likewise in small cell cancer, which has usually spread beyond the original site at diagnosis so that surgery is unlikely to be used and the mainstay of treatment is chemotherapy and radiation.
What is NOT true about the treatment of cancer?
选项 A、How to treat patients merely rests on the type of cell forming the cancer.
B、Radiotherapy can hardly address advanced non-small cell cancer virtually.
C、Both radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be used to treat small cell cancer.
D、Surgery is unlikely to be used in the treatment of advanced small cell cancer.
答案A
解析 A中的merely rests on与最后一段第1句中depend on…and…相悖，故为正确答案。该段倒数第2句中的radiotherapy is used for symptomatic treatment说明放射疗法在这种情况下只是一种“对症疗法”，治标不治本，B与之意思一致；由文章最后一句可知晚期的small sell cancer不可用surgery的方法治疗，主流的方法是themotheray和radiation，故可确定C、D均与文意相符。
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