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  3. Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its

Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its

admin2012-07-17  66
问题     Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its advantages. He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England.
    "One man draws out the wire; another strengthens it; a third cuts it; a fourth points it; a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head. To make the head requires two or three operations. To put it on is a separate operation, to polish the pins is another. And the important business of making pins is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will some times perform two or three of them. "
    Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4 800 pins per worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, none of them could have made twenty pins in a day and perhaps not even one.
    There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still (停滞不前). But division of labor adds nothing new; it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.
Which of the following could serve as an appropriate title for the passage?
选项 A、Adam Smith, the English Economist.
B、The Theory of Division of Labor.
C、Division of Labor, an Efficient Way of Organizing Work.
D、Adam Smith, the Last Discoverer of Division of Labor.
答案C
解析 本题为全文最佳标题类的题目，因此利用浏览式阅读法，通读全文便可以找出正确答案。文章中虽然多次提到了亚当·斯密，但中心思想并非是介绍这位经济学家，所以A项不够全面。文章主要是讲劳动分工，但重点不在理论研究方面，而是用实例说明劳动分工怎样提高了劳动效率，所以B项不适合。D项是明显错误的，因为文章第一句话中就指出亚当·斯密是第一个提出劳动分工理论的人，而不是最后一个。所以本题的正确答案应是C“劳动分工，一种有效的工作组织方式”。
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