首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
WHO, working closely with its Member States, other United Nations agencies and non governmental organizations, is focusing on ma
WHO, working closely with its Member States, other United Nations agencies and non governmental organizations, is focusing on ma
admin
2010-06-18
58
问题
WHO, working closely with its Member States, other United Nations agencies and non governmental organizations, is focusing on major crippling forms of malnutrition: protein energy malnutrition, iodine deficiency disorders, vitamin A deficiency, and iron deficiency anaemia.
In some regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, stagnation of nutritional improvement combined with a rapid rise in population has resulted in an actual increase in the total number of malnourished children. Currently, over-two-thirds of the world’s malnourished children live in Asia, followed by Africa and Latin America.
Various types of micronutrient malnutrition are important causes of disability in themselves and often underlie other types of morbidity. Their prevalence is even more widespread than that of protein-energy malnutrition.
In sheer numbers, iron is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency, with nearly 1,990 million people being anemic and 3,600 million iron-deficient. Iron deficiency is present when body iron stores are depleted.
Mainly women of reproductive age and children under five are affected by iron deficiency, with prevalences hovering around 50% in developing countries. Among various regions of the world, it is south Asia which is hit hardest with prevalences reaching 80% in some countries. In infants and young children even mild anaemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development. In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output. It also leads to increased absenteeism and accidents at work. During pregnancy, maternal anaemia aggravates the effects of hemorrhage at childbirth and is a major contributing factor to maternal mortality.
While there is no single remedy, a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best; Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron- and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals. Iron fortification of foods, particularly of staple cereals, is practiced in a growing number of countries. Iron supplementation is the most common approach, particularly for pregnant women.
Another major problem is iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Iodine deficiency remains the single greatest cause of preventable brain damage and mental retardation worldwide. WHO estimated in 1990 that 1,570 million people, or about 30% of the world’s population, were at risk of IDD.
Insufficient intakes of iodine in pregnancy and early childhood result in impaired mental development of young children. Even marginal deficiency may reduce a child’s mental development by as much as 10 IQ points.
The third major micronutrient’ deficiency is vitamin A deficiency which is officially recognized in 76 countries as a major public health problem. The number of children under five affected clinically is estimated at 2.8 million, with 258 million being diagnosed as having a biochemical deficienicy. The highest prevalence and numbers are in Southeast Asia.
Depletion, occurs when the diet contains too little vitamin A to replace the amount used by tissues. The consequences include night blindness and the destruction of the cornea. Vitamin A deficiency is the most common cause of blindness in young children. Where clinical vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem, young child mortality rates are raised by 20% to 30%.
There are several tried and tested ways of preventing and treating vitamin A deficiency, including improved production and consumption of foods rich in vitamin A or carotene, especially dark-green leafy vegetables and fruits, and liver, eggs and milk products if available. Fortification of fats has been successfully introduced in industrialized countries while the same technique using sugar proved to be equally successful in Central America. Another useful strategy is supplementation with large doses of vitamin A every 4 to 6 months for children of pre-school age and lactating women.
Mental development of young children is impaired mainly by ______.
选项
A、vitamin A deficiency
B、iron deficiency
C、iodine deficiency
D、protein-energy malnutrition
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/22lO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
InBritain’soverheatedpropertymarket,theonlythingshotterthanthepricesofthehousesforsalearethefirmsthatbuild
TheArchbishopofCanterbury’sstoryseemedratherextraordinary.Herewasadeeplymoral,responsible,successfulfamilymanwh
Howisurbanizationnegativelyaffectingoursociety?Theanswertothisquestionisnotasimpleone.Urbanism【C1】______,polit
Oneofthemostunexpectedthingsabouthavingchildrenishowthequesttomoldperfectlittlehumansultimatelybecomesaproj
WhichofthefollowingrecordswasthesecondbesttimeoftheyearbyDonovanBailey?
ThecouplechoseIstanbulastheirholidaydestinationmainlybecause______.Welearnfromthecouple’sshoppingexperiencebac
A、youngageB、hisattitudeonIraqwarC、lackofexperienceininternationalaffairsD、majordisagreementwithKerryC
偶然也会有一座小岛出现在地平线上,我们不知其名,但它却给人以神秘之感,那是海底峰峦的顶部,孤独、凄凉、无瑕、偏僻地矗立在海上。人们喜爱岛屿,是否因为在这难以驾驭的广大世界里有这样一叫、块易于管理的领地,人们就不知不觉地要据为已有?我想到那座岛屿一直就在那里
Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknow
Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknow
随机试题
既补血,又活血的药物是()(2003年第130题)
下列关于Windows7的描述中,错误的是_______。
血细胞分析仪的性能评价不包括
不得检出≥5μm的尘粒,对其他洁净级别的厂房相对正压,不得设地漏,不得裸手直接接触药品的是能在最后容器中灭菌的大容量注射液的灌封在
热拌沥青混合料应检查的项目有()。
【背景资料】某公司承建一埋地燃气管道工程,采用开槽埋管施工。该工程网络计划工作的逻辑关系见表2K320110。项目部按表2K320110绘制网络计划图如图2K320110-1所示。网络计划图中的E1、E2工作为土方回填和敷设警示带,管道沟槽回填土
某公司于2013年10月1日接受一项产品安装任务,安装期为4个月,合同总收入为500万元,至2013年年底已经预收劳务款200万元,实际发生的成本200万元,估计还会发生50万元,采用已发生成本占预计总成本比例计算完工程度,完工百分比法下,下列表述正确的有
OlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryearsatadifferentsite,inwhichathletes【1】differentnationscompeteagainsteachotherin
用来填充几何图形的方法是【】。
Thediagnosisofthebrother’scancercaughtthefamilyoffguard.
最新回复
(
0
)