首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
admin
2016-01-05
2.3K+
问题
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the authors’ names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.
No longer. The Internet—and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it—is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.
The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2, 000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16, 000 journals.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online.
Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’s authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author(or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to
选项
A、cover the cost of its publication.
B、subscribe to the journal publishing it.
C、allow other online journals to use it freely.
D、complete the peer-review before submission.
答案
A
解析
细节题。可以直接回到原文最后一段找线索。从文中“there is open-access publishing,typi-cally supported by asking the author to pay for the paper to be publish”可知答案为A项。B项、D项是对原文的曲解,C项属于无中生有。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/2CsZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
MySpaceandotherWebsiteshaveunleashedapotentnewphenomenonofsocialnetworkingincyberspace,【B1】______atthesametim
Beingfatisbadforyou.【B1】______that,almosteveryoneagrees.Itisjustpossible,【B2】______,thatalmosteveryoneiswrong.
Beingfatisbadforyou.【B1】______that,almosteveryoneagrees.Itisjustpossible,【B2】______,thatalmosteveryoneiswrong.
Inthisyear’sStateoftheUnionaddress,PresidentObamaoutlinedaplantograduallyraisetheminimumwagefrom$7.25to$9/
Thewaysinwhichsocietiesaddressenvironmentalissuesareinthemidstofaprofoundtransformation.Boththeextentofthis
Dreamsaresaidtobethewindowtothemind.Throughthestudyofdreams,wecancatchglimpsesintowhatoursubconsciousmind
Dreamsaresaidtobethewindowtothemind.Throughthestudyofdreams,wecancatchglimpsesintowhatoursubconsciousmind
TheInternet,e-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,capitalis
Humansarehavingahardenoughtimecopingwiththenaturalvariabilityinourenvironment,whichcausesdisasterssuchasheat
PutinwillfinishthesecondoftwotermsasPresidentin2008.Underhisleadership,Russiahasre-emergedasasignificantwor
随机试题
下列淋巴细胞中,不属于固有免疫细胞的是
关于X线机的基本组成,错误的说法是
分清症状的主次后,按主要症状提出一个具体疾病,与所提出的疾病理论上进行对照印证,属于()。
A.β受体阻滞剂B.利尿剂C.α受体阻滞剂D.血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂E.钙离子通道阻滞剂糖尿病肾病合并高血压首选()
在确定各项工程开竣工时间和相互搭接关系时,应考虑的因素有()。
某教育部考试中心与行业主管部门合作开展考试业务,共取得收入120万元,其中支付行业主管部门合作费50万元,本月开展与考试相关的培训活动,取得收入12万元,其中包括为培训人员提供的复习资料6万元。则该教育部考试中心应缴纳的营业税为()。
下列各项中,运用每股收益分析法进行资本结构优化时,需计算的指标是()。
甲公司由王某、张某、李某共同投资设立,因缴资需要,在P银行设立临时存款账户。2017年1月7日公司成立,王某为法定代表人,甲公司将P银行的临时存款账户转变为公司的基本存款账户。2018年2月10日,甲公司因资金需求,在Q银行借款300万元,开立了一般存款
对剥夺政治权利的罪犯由公安机关负责执行。()
规定数据与控制信息的结构或格式是属于网络协议中的(29)要素。
最新回复
(
0
)