首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Seven Ways to Save the World A)Forget the old idea that conserving energy is a form of self-denial—riding bicycles, dimming the
Seven Ways to Save the World A)Forget the old idea that conserving energy is a form of self-denial—riding bicycles, dimming the
admin
2014-12-31
47
问题
Seven Ways to Save the World
A)Forget the old idea that conserving energy is a form of self-denial—riding bicycles, dimming the lights, and taking fewer showers. These days conservation is all about efficiency: getting the same or better results from just a fraction of the energy. When a slump in business travel forced Ulrich Ramer to cut costs at his family-owned hotel in Germany, he replaced hundreds of the hotel’s wasteful light bulbs, getting the same light for 80 percent less power. He bought a new water boiler with a digitally controlled pump, and wrapped insulation around the pipes. Spending about £100,000 on these and other improvements, he slashed his £90,000 fuel and power bill by £60,000. As a bonus, the hotel’s lower energy needs have reduced its annual carbon emissions by more than 200 metric tons. "For us, saving energy has been very, very profitable," he says. "And most importantly, we’re not giving up a single comfort for our guests."
B)Efficiency is also a great way to lower carbon emissions and help slow global warming. But the best argument for efficiency is its cost—or, more precisely, its profitability. That’s because quickly growing energy demand requires immense investment in new supply, not to mention the drain of rising energy prices.
C)No wonder efficiency has moved to the top of the political agenda. On Jan. 10, the European Union unveiled a plan to cut energy use across the continent by 20 percent by 2020. Last March, China imposed a 20 percent increase in energy efficiency by 2020. Even George W. Bush, the Texas oilman, is expected to talk about energy conservation in his State of the Union speech this week.
D)The good news is that the world is full of proven, cheap ways to save energy. Here are the seven that could have the biggest impact.
Insulate
E)Space heating and cooling eats up 36 percent of all the world’ s energy. There’ s virtually no limit to how much of that can be saved, as prototype "zero-energy homes" in Switzerland and Germany have shown. There’ s been a surge in new ways of keeping heat in and cold out(or vice versa). The most advanced insulation follows the law of increasing returns: if you add enough you can scale down or even eliminate heating and air-conditioning equipment, lowering costs even before you start saving on utility bills. Studies have shown that green workplaces(ones that don’ t constantly need to have the heat or air-conditioner running)have higher worker productivity and lower sick rates.
Change Bulbs
F)Lighting eats up 20 percent of the world’s electricity, or the equivalent of roughly 600,000 tons of coal a day. Forty percent of that powers old-fashioned incandescent light bulbs—a 19th-century technology that wastes most of the power it consumes on unwanted heat.
G)Compact fluorescent lamps, or CFLS, not only use 75 to 80 percent less electricity than incandescent bulbs to generate the same amount of light, but they also last 10 times longer. Phasing old bulbs out by 2030 would save the output of 650 power plants and avoid the release of 700 million tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year.
Comfort Zone
H)Water boilers, space heaters and air conditioners have been notoriously inefficient. The heat pump has altered that equation. It removes heat from the air outside or the ground below and uses it to supply heat to a building or its water supply. In the summer, the system can be reversed to cool buildings as well.
I)Most new residential buildings in Sweden are already heated with ground-source heat pumps. Such systems consume almost no conventional fuel at all. Several countries have used subsidies to jump-start the market, including Japan, where almost 1 million heat pumps have been installed in the past two years to heat water for showers and hot tubs.
Remake Factories
J)From steel mills to paper factories, industry eats up about a third of the world’s energy. The opportunities to save are vast. In Ludwigshafen, German chemicals giant BASF runs an interconnected complex of more than 200 chemical factories, where heat produced by one chemical process is used to power the next. At the Ludwigshafen site alone, such recycling of heat and energy saves the company £200 million a year and almost half its CO
2
emissions. Now BASF is doing the same for new plants in China. "Optimizing(优化)energy efficiency is a decisive competitive advantage," says BASF CEO Jurgen Hambrecht.
Green Driving
K)A quarter of the world’s energy—including two thirds of the annual production of oil—is used for transportation. Some savings come free of charge: you can boost fuel efficiency by 6 percent simply by keeping your car’s tires properly inflated(充气). Gasoline-electric hybrid(混合型的)models like the Toyota Prius improve mileage by a further 20 percent over conventional models.
A Better Fridge
L)More than half of all residential power goes into running household appliances, producing a fifth of the world’s carbon emissions. And that’s true even though manufacturers have already hiked the efficiency of refrigerators and other white goods by as much as 70 percent since the 1980s. According to an International Energy Agency study, if consumers chose those models that would save them the most money over the life of the appliance, they’d cut global residential power consumption(and their utility bills)by 43 percent.
Flexible Payment
M)Who says you have to pay for all your conservation investments? "Energy service contractors" will pay for retrofitting(翻新改造)in return for a share of the client’s annual utility-bill savings. In Beijing, Shenwu Thermal Energy Technology Co. specializes in retrofitting China’ s steel furnaces. Shenwu puts up the initial investment to install a heat exchanger that preheats the air going into the furnace, slashing the client’ s fuel costs. Shenwu pockets a cut of those savings, so both Shenwu and the client profit.
N)If saving energy is so easy and profitable, why isn ’t everyone doing it? It has to do with psychology and a lack of information. Most of us tend to look at today’ s price tag more than tomorrow’s potential saving. That holds double for the landlord or developer, who won’t actually see a penny of the savings his investment in better insulation or a better heating system might generate. In many people’s minds, conservation is still associated with self-denial. Many environmentalists still push that view. O)Smart governments can help push the market in the right direction. The EU’s 1994 law on labeling was such a success that it extended the same idea to entire buildings last year. To boost the market value of efficiency, all new buildings are required to have an "energy pass" detailing power and heating consumption. Countries like Japan and Germany have successively tightened building codes, requiring an increase in insulation levels but leaving it up to builders to decide how to meet them.
P)The most powerful incentives, of course, will come from the market itself. Over the past year, sky-high fuel prices have focused minds on efficiency like never before. Ever-increasing pressure to cut costs has finally forced more companies to do some math on their energy use.
Q)Will it be enough? With global demand and emissions rising so fast, we may not have any choice but to try. Efficient technology is here now, proven and cheap. Compared with all other options, it’s the biggest, easiest and most profitable bang for the buck.
The heat pump can remove heat from the air outside or the ground below, to supply heat to a building.
选项
答案
H
解析
题干关键词heat pump和the air outside or the ground below。H段第二句和第三句提到It removes heat from the air outside or the ground below and uses it tosupply heat to a building or its water supply,与题干意思一致,故选H。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/2Hq7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
IstheInternetMakingUsForgetful?AtouristtakesapictureoftheEmpireStateBuildingonhisiPhone,deletesit,then
IstheInternetMakingUsForgetful?AtouristtakesapictureoftheEmpireStateBuildingonhisiPhone,deletesit,then
IstheInternetMakingUsForgetful?AtouristtakesapictureoftheEmpireStateBuildingonhisiPhone,deletesit,then
Isitcheapertobeawoman—oraman?Tocelebratethelaunchofgenderequalityinfinancialservices,Moneyexploredother
Thefirstbicyclesweremadeofwood.Cyclemanufacturersthenswitchedtosteeltubes.Thesedays,forhigh-endbikeswherewei
HowShouldTeachersBeRewarded?A)Weneverforgetourbestteachers—thosewhoinspireduswithadeeperunderstandingoranend
HowShouldTeachersBeRewarded?A)Weneverforgetourbestteachers—thosewhoinspireduswithadeeperunderstandingoranend
JobseekersinBritainsayemployersare【B1】______applicants’degreesandcertificates.Theyaremakingtheirownentranceexams
JobseekersinBritainsayemployersare【B1】______applicants’degreesandcertificates.Theyaremakingtheirownentranceexams
随机试题
怎样配制蓄电池的电解液?
下列何种核型的AML对治疗反应良好,缓解期长
药物的剂型有()。
一审原告——南京太极客运公司起诉声称:我公司隶属于南京太极电子公司,被告南京市民政局作为我公司的主管局派工作组到我公司行使经理职权,阻挠法定代表人行使经营管理权并阻止我公司正常的企业年检,严重侵犯了我公司的经营自主权。故要求法院判决撤销被告的“决定”和“通
论制宪权与立法权的关系。
根据我国《价格法》,制定关系群众切身利益的公用事业价格、公益性服务价格、自然垄断经营的商品价格时,应当建立()制度。
某企业资产总额为80万元,在发生一笔以银行存款10万元偿还银行借款的经济业务之后,企业的资产总额为()。
能够根据样本结果推断总体数量特征的调查方式是()。
在布鲁纳提出的三种表征系统的发展中,最重要的是()
用于指导监理项目部全面开展工作的纲领性文件是______。
最新回复
(
0
)