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  3. 根据以下材料，回答问题： Most episodes of absent一mindedness一一forgetting where you left something or won一during why you just entered a ro

根据以下材料，回答问题： Most episodes of absent一mindedness一一forgetting where you left something or won一during why you just entered a ro

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问题 根据以下材料，回答问题：
    Most episodes of absent一mindedness一一forgetting where you left something or won一during why you just entered a room一一are caused by a simple lack of attention，says Schacter. “You are supposed to remember something，but you haven’t encoded it deeply.”
    Encoding，Schacter explains，is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket，for example，and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation，you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. “Your memory itself isn’t failing you，”says Schacter. “Rather，you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”
    Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago，”says Zelinski，“may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.” Women have slightly better memories than men，possibly because they pay more attention to their environment，and memory relies on just that.
    Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness，says Schacter. “But be sure the cue is clear and available，”he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch，put the pill bottle on the kitchen table一一don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in pocket.
    Another common episode of absent-mindedness：walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely，you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time，” says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room，and you’ll likely remember.
One possible reason why women have better memories than man is that(       ).
选项 A、they have a wider range of interests
B、they are more reliant on the environment
C、they have an unusual power of focusing their attention
D、they are more interested in what’s happening around them
答案D
解析 由文章第三段可知，缺乏兴趣同样会导致心不在焉，进而影响记忆。女人比男人记忆好是因为她们更有兴趣关注她们周围的环境，而记忆往往也依靠周围环境来提供信息。
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